Microtubule organization and nucleation in the differentiating ovarian follicle of the lizard Podarcis sicula.

We analyzed the organization of the microtubular cytoskeleton and the distribution of centrosomes at the different stages of differentiation of the ovarian follicle of the lizard Podarcis sicula by examining immunolabeled α- and γ-tubulins using confocal microscopy. We observed that in the follicular epithelium the differentiation of the nurse pyriform cells is accompanied by a reorganization of the microtubules in the oocyte cortex, changing from a reticular to a radial pattern. Furthermore, these cortical microtubules extend in the cytoplasm of the connected follicle cells through intercellular bridges. Radially oriented microtubules were still more marked in the oocyte cortex during the final stages of oogenesis, when the yolk proteins were incorporated by endocytosis. The nucleation centres of the microtubules (centrosomes) were clearly detectable as γ-tubulin immunolabeled spots in the somatic stromal cells of the germinal bed. A diffuse cytoplasmic immunolabeling together with multiple labeled foci, resembling the desegregation of the centrosomes in early oogenesis of vertebrates and invertebrates, was revealed in the prediplotenic germ cells. In the cytoplasm of growing oocytes, a diffuse labeling of the γ-tubulin antibody was always detectable. In the growing ovarian follicles, immunolabeled spots were detected in the mono-layered follicle cells which surrounded the early oocytes. In follicles with a polymorphic follicular epithelium, only the small follicle cells showed labeled spots. A weak and diffuse labeling was observed in the pyriform cells while in the enlarging intermediate cells the centrosomes degenerated like in the early oocytes. Our observations confirm that in P. sicula most of the oocyte growth is supported by the structural and functional integration of the developing oocyte with the pyriform nurse cells and suggest that their fusion with the oocyte results in an acquirement by these somatic cells of characteristics typical of the germ cells.