Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
J Natl Med Assoc. 2012 Jan-Feb;104(1-2):20-7. doi: 10.1016/s0027-9684(15)30129-2.
Routine screening for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in men in the United States is not recommended. However, untreated men remain a potential reservoir for chlamydial and gonococcal infections and reinfection among women. Chlamydia and gonorrhea positivities and associated epidemiology were evaluated among males in the southern United States.
Data were analyzed from 603320 males, aged 15 to 60 years, who were undergoing chlamydia and gonorrhea testing in sexually transmitted disease, family planning, correctional, college, and other facilities between 2001 and 2005.
Males screened were primarily non-Hispanic black (63%) or non-Hispanic white (37%). Overall, chlamydia and gonorrhea positivities were both 13%. From 2001 to 2005, the chlamydia positivity increased 32% and the gonorrhea positivity decreased 28%. With increasing age, chlamydia positivity decreased, while gonorrhea positivity remained relatively stable. However, in men aged less than 30 years, both chlamydia and gonorrhea positivities were significantly higher than in men aged 30 years or greater (P < .01). Non-Hispanic blacks had a 5-fold higher risk for gonorrhea and 1.5-fold higher risk for chlamydia than non-Hispanic whites (P < .001). Men living in metropolitan statistical areas had a 1.27-fold higher risk for gonorrhea than men living in non-metropolitan statistical areas (P <.001).
Chlamydia and gonorrhea positivity rates were high in males in the southern United States relative to the rates among men in the United States and were influenced by demographic and geographic factors.
美国不建议对男性进行常规的沙眼衣原体和淋病奈瑟菌筛查。然而，未经治疗的男性仍然是衣原体和淋病感染以及女性再次感染的潜在传染源。本研究评估了美国南部男性的淋病和衣原体阳性率及其相关流行病学特征。
分析了 2001 年至 2005 年间在美国南部的性传播疾病、计划生育、惩教、大学和其他机构中接受衣原体和淋病检测的 603320 名 15 至 60 岁男性的数据。
接受筛查的男性主要为非西班牙裔黑人（63%）或非西班牙裔白人（37%）。总体而言，衣原体和淋病的阳性率均为 13%。2001 年至 2005 年期间，衣原体的阳性率增加了 32%，淋病的阳性率降低了 28%。随着年龄的增长，衣原体的阳性率下降，而淋病的阳性率则相对稳定。然而，在年龄小于 30 岁的男性中，衣原体和淋病的阳性率均显著高于 30 岁或以上的男性（P<.01）。非西班牙裔黑人患淋病的风险是西班牙裔白人的 5 倍，患衣原体的风险是西班牙裔白人的 1.5 倍（P<.001）。生活在大都市统计区的男性患淋病的风险比生活在非大都市统计区的男性高 1.27 倍（P<.001）。
与美国男性的比率相比，美国南部男性的淋病和衣原体阳性率较高，且受人口统计学和地理因素的影响。
