Department of Health Services, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6900, USA.
Health Psychol. 2012 Sep;31(5):562-70. doi: 10.1037/a0028626. Epub 2012 Jun 18.
This study examined potential ethnic differences in prostate cancer screening behavior and correlates of screening in an ethnically diverse sample of first-degree relatives of prostate cancer cases.
The California Cancer Registry was used to identify a sample of prostate cancer cases who were contacted and invited to refer male first-degree relatives to the study. Telephone surveys with 1,029 first-degree relatives (354 non-Latino Whites, 228 Latinos, 272 African Americans, 175 Asians) assessed prostate cancer screening behavior and correlates of screening.
Less than half of the participants had received a prostate specific antigen (PSA) test in the past year, with lowest rates observed among Latinos. Factors independently associated with an increased likelihood of the PSA test receipt in the total sample included: prior PSA testing, having a physician recommendation to be screened, and reporting fewer barriers to screening. Being the brother versus the son of the case predicted a higher likelihood of screening for all ethnic groups except for African Americans. In addition, the negative influence of barriers on screening was significantly greater for Latinos compared with Asians.
Although ethnicity was not an independent predictor of screening, ethnic variations were observed in the relationship between some predictors and screening and in the modifiable correlates of screening. Findings may inform future intervention research that aims to enhance informed decision-making regarding prostate cancer screening and ultimately reduce prostate cancer health disparities.
本研究旨在检查在一个种族多样化的前列腺癌病例一级亲属样本中，前列腺癌筛查行为和筛查相关因素是否存在潜在的种族差异。
本研究利用加利福尼亚癌症登记处，确定了一个前列腺癌病例样本，对这些病例进行了联系并邀请他们向研究推荐男性一级亲属。对 1029 名一级亲属（354 名非拉丁裔白人、228 名拉丁裔、272 名非裔美国人、175 名亚裔）进行了电话调查，评估了前列腺癌筛查行为和筛查相关因素。
在过去一年中，只有不到一半的参与者接受了前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）检测，拉丁裔的比例最低。在总样本中，与 PSA 检测接受率增加独立相关的因素包括：既往 PSA 检测、有医生建议进行筛查、报告的筛查障碍较少。与非裔美国人不同，在所有种族群体中，作为病例的兄弟而非儿子，预示着更高的筛查可能性。此外，与亚裔相比，拉丁裔的筛查障碍对筛查的负面影响明显更大。
尽管种族不是筛查的独立预测因素，但在一些预测因素与筛查之间的关系以及可改变的筛查相关因素方面，观察到了种族差异。这些发现可能为未来旨在增强关于前列腺癌筛查的知情决策并最终减少前列腺癌健康差异的干预研究提供信息。
