Program on Stem Cells in Society, Stanford University Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2012 Dec;8(4):1043-7. doi: 10.1007/s12015-012-9391-6.
More nations are joining the human embryonic stem cell (hESC) "race" by aggressively publishing in the peer-reviewed journals. Here we present data on the international use and distribution of hESC using a dataset taken from the primary research literature. We extracted these papers from a comprehensive dataset of articles using hESC and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC). We find that the rate of publication by US-based authors is slowing in comparison to international labs, and then declines over the final year of the period 2008-2010. Non-US authors published more frequently and at a significantly higher rate, significantly increasing the number of their papers. In addition, international labs use a more diverse set of hESC lines and Obama-era additions are used more in non-US locations. Even considering the flood of new lines in the US and abroad, we see that researchers continue to rely on a few lines derived before the turn of the century. These data suggest "embargo" effects from restrictive policies on the US stem cell field. Over time, non-US labs have freely used lines on the US registries, while federally funded US scientists have been limited to using those lines approved by the NIH.
越来越多的国家正在通过在同行评议期刊上积极发表论文，加入人类胚胎干细胞（hESC）“竞赛”。在这里，我们使用从主要研究文献中提取的数据，展示了 hESC 的国际使用和分布情况。我们从使用 hESC 和人类诱导多能干细胞（hiPSC）的综合文章数据集提取了这些论文。我们发现，与国际实验室相比，美国作者的出版率正在放缓，并且在 2008 年至 2010 年期间的最后一年下降。非美国作者发表的论文更频繁，速度也明显更快，大大增加了他们的论文数量。此外，国际实验室使用的 hESC 系更加多样化，奥巴马时代的新增系在非美国地区的使用也更多。即使考虑到美国和国外的大量新系，我们也看到研究人员继续依赖于本世纪初之前获得的少数系。这些数据表明，美国干细胞领域的限制性政策产生了“禁运”效应。随着时间的推移，非美国实验室可以自由使用美国注册中心的系，而联邦资助的美国科学家只能使用 NIH 批准的那些系。
