Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.
Vaccine. 2012 Aug 10;30(37):5564-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.008. Epub 2012 Jun 17.
To examine the carrier rate, prevalence and susceptibility to hepatitis B virus infection in the city of Taiz, Yemen.
In a community-based household survey 521 subjects from 98 randomly selected households were enrolled. Carrier rate, prevalence and susceptibility of hepatitis B virus infection in the city of Taiz, Yemen were examined.
The median age of the subjects was 19 years (range <1-85 years), 219 (42.0%) of whom were males and 305 (58.0%) were females. The HBsAg carrier rate was 4.2% (22/521), the prevalence was 16.9% (88/521) and the susceptibility rate was 57.5% (287/499). Male vs female carrier rate, prevalence and susceptibility rate were comparable. Children (age ≤ 18 years) vs adults had carrier rates of 2.7% vs 5.7% (odds ratio=2.2) and a prevalence of 5.1% vs 28.4% (OR: 5.6). The carrier rate, prevalence and immunity to HBV among subjects who reported vaccination vs those unvaccinated was; 2.1% vs 5.5%, 11.3 vs 20.8% and 53.1% vs 18.8%. A proportion of 47.2% of subjects who aged ≤ 10 years had isolated anti-HBs. Of 142 of the cohort born after full implementation of vaccination program (age:≤ 9 years) 72 (50.7%) were immune and 70 (49.3%) were susceptible whereas of 357 subjects borne before program implementation (Age:≥ 10 years) 140 (39.2%) were immune and 217 (60.8%) were susceptible (p<0.02 (Pearson) OR: 1.6 CI=0.42-0.93).
An intermediate endimicity was identified in Taiz city. Vaccination reduced carrier rate prevalence and susceptibility among vaccinated subjects. The high rate of subjects with isolated anti- HBs together with the reduced susceptibility rate among the cohort born after inclusion of HBV vaccine to EPI reflects impact of the program. Improving vaccination coverage will further reduce susceptibility rate.
调查也门塔伊兹市乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的携带率、流行率和易感性。
采用基于社区的家庭调查方法，从 98 个随机选择的家庭中招募了 521 名受试者。检测也门塔伊兹市的 HBV 携带率、流行率和易感性。
受试者的中位年龄为 19 岁（范围<1-85 岁），其中男性 219 人（42.0%），女性 305 人（58.0%）。HBsAg 携带率为 4.2%（22/521），流行率为 16.9%（88/521），易感性率为 57.5%（287/499）。男性与女性的携带率、流行率和易感性率相当。儿童（≤18 岁）与成年人的携带率分别为 2.7%和 5.7%（优势比=2.2），流行率分别为 5.1%和 28.4%（OR：5.6）。报告接种疫苗与未接种疫苗的受试者 HBV 携带率、流行率和免疫率分别为：2.1%和 5.5%、11.3%和 20.8%、53.1%和 18.8%。≤10 岁的受试者中有 47.2%的人单独产生抗-HBs。在 142 名出生于疫苗接种计划全面实施后的队列中（年龄：≤9 岁），有 72 人（50.7%）具有免疫力，70 人（49.3%）具有易感性，而在 357 名出生于计划实施前的受试者中（年龄：≥10 岁），有 140 人（39.2%）具有免疫力，217 人（60.8%）具有易感性（p<0.02（Pearson）OR：1.6，CI=0.42-0.93）。
塔伊兹市乙型肝炎病毒流行率处于中等水平。疫苗接种降低了接种人群的携带率、流行率和易感性。在纳入乙型肝炎疫苗纳入 EPI 后出生的队列中，具有单独抗-HBs 的受试者比例较高，易感性率降低，这反映了该计划的影响。提高疫苗接种覆盖率将进一步降低易感性率。
