Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology and Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Italy.
Haemophilia. 2012 Jul;18 Suppl 4:105-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2012.02834.x.
Joint bleeding, or haemarthrosis, is the most common type of bleeding episode experienced by individuals with haemophilia A and B. This leads to changes within the joints, including synovial proliferation, which results in further bleeding and chronic synovitis. Blood in the joint can also directly damage the cartilage, and with repeated bleeding, there is progressive destruction of both cartilage and bone. The end result is known as haemophilic arthropathy which is characterized by pain, stiffness and deformity. The joint most commonly affected is the knee. Haemophilic arthropathy can be prevented through regular prophylaxis and physiotherapy. However, when necessary, there are multiple surgical and non-surgical options available. These procedures are indicated to improve the joint function and quality of life for haemophilic patients worldwide. In this review, the role of surgical and non-surgical treatment of advanced knee arthropathy and its complications will be described.
关节出血，或关节积血，是甲型和乙型血友病患者最常见的出血类型。这会导致关节内发生变化，包括滑膜增生，从而导致进一步出血和慢性滑膜炎。关节内的血液也会直接损伤软骨，随着反复出血，软骨和骨都会逐渐被破坏。最终结果被称为血友病性关节病，其特征是疼痛、僵硬和畸形。最常受影响的关节是膝关节。通过定期预防和物理治疗可以预防血友病性关节病。然而，在必要时，有多种手术和非手术选择。这些手术旨在改善全球血友病患者的关节功能和生活质量。在这篇综述中，将描述膝关节晚期关节病及其并发症的手术和非手术治疗的作用。
