University of Calgary, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Adv Parasitol. 2012;79:99-252. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-398457-9.00002-0.
Parasites play an important role in the structure and function of arctic ecosystems, systems that are currently experiencing an unprecedented rate of change due to various anthropogenic perturbations, including climate change. Ungulates such as muskoxen, caribou, moose and Dall's sheep are also important components of northern ecosystems and are a source of food and income, as well as a focus for maintenance of cultural traditions, for northerners. Parasites of ungulates can influence host health, population dynamics and the quality, quantity and safety of meat and other products of animal origin consumed by people. In this article, we provide a contemporary view of the diversity of nematode, cestode, trematode, protozoan and arthropod parasites of ungulates in arctic and subarctic North America and Greenland. We explore the intricate associations among host and parasite assemblages and identify key issues and gaps in knowledge that emerge in a regime of accelerating environmental transition.
寄生虫在北极生态系统的结构和功能中发挥着重要作用，由于气候变化等各种人为干扰，这些生态系统目前正经历着前所未有的变化速度。驼鹿、驯鹿、麋鹿和多尔绵羊等有蹄类动物也是北方生态系统的重要组成部分，它们是北方人的食物和收入来源，也是维护文化传统的焦点。有蹄类动物的寄生虫会影响宿主的健康、种群动态以及人们食用的肉类和其他动物源性产品的质量、数量和安全性。在本文中，我们提供了北美北极和亚北极地区以及格陵兰岛有蹄类动物线虫、绦虫、吸虫、原生动物和节肢动物寄生虫多样性的现代观点。我们探讨了宿主和寄生虫组合之间的复杂关系，并确定了在加速环境转变的情况下出现的关键问题和知识差距。
