Radboud University Nijmegen, Behavioural Science Institute, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Res Dev Disabil. 2012 Nov-Dec;33(6):1928-36. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2012.05.026. Epub 2012 Jun 21.
The primary aim of the present pilot study was to examine cognitive biases in individuals with mild to borderline ID and alcohol use-related problems. Participants (N=57) performed the approach avoidance task, picture rating task and visual dot probe task, which was combined with eye-tracking methodology. They were admitted to a forensic setting and were all abstinent and undergoing treatment at the time of testing. Three groups were formed based on the severity of alcohol use-related problems as measured by the AUDIT. In line with the expectations, no differences were found between participants based on the severity of their alcohol use-related problems. In addition, three groups were formed based on IQ to assess the relationship between IQ and the strength of the cognitive biases. There were also no differences between individuals with mild or borderline ID and individuals with (below) average IQ on any of the variables. It is concluded that computer tasks such as these can be used in individuals with mild to borderline ID. As the results suggest no influence of IQ on the strength of cognitive biases, this study opens up new opportunities for future research on the application of measuring cognitive biases in screening, diagnosing and treating individuals with mild to borderline ID and alcohol use-related problems.
本初步研究的主要目的是研究轻度至边缘型智力障碍和与酒精使用相关问题的个体中的认知偏差。参与者（N=57）进行了接近回避任务、图片评分任务和视觉点探测任务，这些任务结合了眼动追踪方法。他们被收入法医环境中，在测试时均已戒酒并正在接受治疗。根据 AUDIT 测量的酒精使用相关问题的严重程度，将参与者分为三组。根据预期，根据参与者的酒精使用相关问题的严重程度，没有发现差异。此外，根据智商将三组分为三组，以评估智商与认知偏差强度之间的关系。在任何变量上，轻度或边缘型智力障碍个体与智商（低于）平均值个体之间也没有差异。研究结论认为，像这样的计算机任务可以用于轻度至边缘型智力障碍个体。由于结果表明智商对认知偏差强度没有影响，因此这项研究为未来在轻度至边缘型智力障碍和与酒精使用相关问题个体中应用测量认知偏差的筛查、诊断和治疗开辟了新的机会。
