Department of Immunology, Center of Oncosurgery, Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Innate Immun. 2013 Feb;19(1):98-111. doi: 10.1177/1753425912449549. Epub 2012 Jun 25.
Dendritic cells (DCs) comprise a heterogeneous population of cells that play a key role in initiating, directing and regulating adaptive immune responses, including those critically involved in tumor immunosurveillance. As a riposte to the central role of DCs in the generation of antitumor immune responses, tumors have developed various mechanisms which impair the immunostimulatory functions of DCs or even instruct them to actively contribute to tumor growth and progression. In the first part of this review we discuss general aspects of DC biology, including their origin, subtypes, immature and mature states, and functional plasticity which ensures a delicate balance between active immune response and immune tolerance. In the second part of the review we discuss the complex interactions between DCs and the tumor microenvironment, and point out the challenges faced by DCs during the recognition of tumor Ags. We also discuss the role of DCs in tumor angiogenesis and vasculogenesis.
树突状细胞（DCs）是一类异质性细胞群体，在启动、指导和调节适应性免疫反应中发挥关键作用，包括在肿瘤免疫监视中发挥关键作用。作为对 DCs 在抗肿瘤免疫反应中的核心作用的回应，肿瘤已经发展出多种机制，这些机制损害了 DCs 的免疫刺激功能，甚至指示它们积极促进肿瘤生长和进展。在本综述的第一部分，我们讨论了 DC 生物学的一般方面，包括它们的起源、亚型、未成熟和成熟状态，以及功能可塑性，这确保了在主动免疫反应和免疫耐受之间保持微妙的平衡。在综述的第二部分，我们讨论了 DCs 与肿瘤微环境之间的复杂相互作用，并指出了 DCs 在识别肿瘤抗原时面临的挑战。我们还讨论了 DCs 在肿瘤血管生成和血管发生中的作用。
