Portela de Santana M L, da Costa Ribeiro Junior H, Mora Giral M, Raich R M
Doutoranda del Programa de Posgrado de Medicina y Salud, Universidad Federal de Bahía-UFBA, Brazil.
Nutr Hosp. 2012 Mar-Apr;27(2):391-401. doi: 10.1590/S0212-16112012000200008.
Currently, there is a higher occurrence of biopsychosocial diseases, especially eating disorders, involving different body systems and aspects related to the individual and their social relations.
Addressing current and relevant issues about the prevalence, incidence and risk factors for anorexia and bulimia nervosa in adolescence.
Search the databases: MEDLINE, SciELO and LILACS for studies published on the epidemiology and risk factors for eating disorders in adolescence.
The highest incidence of anorexia and bulimia nervosa among girls in the middle and final phase of adolescence. Factors that increase the risk for the onset of eating disorders in adolescents are: genetics, body changes during puberty, the vulnerability of adolescents to the ideals of thinness, social pressures to be thin, body image dissatisfaction, restrictive diet, depression and low self-esteem. However, it is suggested that in different cultures, eating disorders may come from a number of conditions unrelated to compensatory behaviors or weight, but the shape of the body.
Several factors determine the occurrence of anorexia and bulimia nervosa in adolescence, however, there is no consensus how these factors interact in this complex process, which indicates the need for further investigations.
目前，生物心理社会疾病的发生率较高，尤其是饮食失调，涉及不同的身体系统以及与个体及其社会关系相关的各个方面。
探讨青少年神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症的患病率、发病率及危险因素等当前相关问题。
检索MEDLINE、SciELO和LILACS数据库，查找有关青少年饮食失调的流行病学和危险因素的研究。
神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症在青春期中后期女孩中的发病率最高。增加青少年饮食失调发病风险的因素有：遗传、青春期身体变化、青少年对瘦的理想状态的易感性、追求瘦的社会压力、对身体形象的不满、节食、抑郁和自卑。然而，有人认为在不同文化中，饮食失调可能源于一些与代偿行为或体重无关的情况，而是与身体形态有关。
多种因素决定了青少年神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症的发生，然而，对于这些因素在这一复杂过程中如何相互作用尚无共识，这表明需要进一步研究。
