Nagakura N, Kobayashi T, Shimizu T, Masuzawa T, Yanagihara Y
Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Japan.
J Pharmacobiodyn. 1990 May;13(5):310-5. doi: 10.1248/bpb1978.13.310.
The delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions for penams or cephems of beta-lactam antibiotics were investigated by intradermal skin test and leucocyte migration test (LMT) in guinea pigs. The animals were immunized with ampicillin (ABPC) or cephalexin (CEX) using Freund's complete adjuvant. The cross-reactivities among ABPC, penicillin G (PCG) and cloxacillin as penam and CEX, cephalothin (CET) and cephalosporin C (CEPC) as cephem and phenylglycine (PhGly), which is the amino acyl side chain of ABPC and CEX, were examined. By intradermal reaction, ABPC-sensitized animals showed a cross-reaction with CEX, PCG and CET, but CEX-sensitized animals did not cause cross-reaction with ABPC. The CEX-sensitized group exhibited slight cross-reactions to CET and PhGly. PhGly exhibited low immunogenicity only in maximization test of guinea pig. The above results indicate that there is the difference in cross-reactivity between penams and cephems in skin test. In LMT, all the ABPC-sensitized animals reacted with ABPC and showed cross-reactions with all drugs tested. The CEX-sensitized group reacted with 4 out of 7 animals with CEX and exhibited cross-reactivities to ABPC, PCG, CET, CEPC and PhGly. The cross-reactivity between intradermal skin reaction and LMT elicited some different results.
通过豚鼠皮内皮肤试验和白细胞迁移试验（LMT），研究了β-内酰胺类抗生素的青霉烷类或头孢烯类的迟发型超敏反应（DTH）。使用弗氏完全佐剂用氨苄西林（ABPC）或头孢氨苄（CEX）对动物进行免疫。检测了ABPC、作为青霉烷类的青霉素G（PCG）和氯唑西林之间，以及CEX、作为头孢烯类的头孢噻吩（CET）和头孢菌素C（CEPC）之间，还有ABPC和CEX的氨基酰侧链苯甘氨酸（PhGly）之间的交叉反应性。通过皮内反应，ABPC致敏的动物与CEX、PCG和CET表现出交叉反应，但CEX致敏的动物与ABPC没有交叉反应。CEX致敏组对CET和PhGly表现出轻微的交叉反应。PhGly仅在豚鼠的最大化试验中表现出低免疫原性。上述结果表明，在皮肤试验中，青霉烷类和头孢烯类之间的交叉反应性存在差异。在LMT中，所有ABPC致敏的动物都对ABPC有反应，并与所有测试药物表现出交叉反应。CEX致敏组7只动物中有4只对CEX有反应，并对ABPC、PCG、CET、CEPC和PhGly表现出交叉反应。皮内皮肤反应和LMT之间的交叉反应性产生了一些不同的结果。
