Agricultural Research Service, Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2013 Mar;185(3):2807-16. doi: 10.1007/s10661-012-2750-6. Epub 2012 Jun 29.
The acetamiprid, a nenicotinoid insecticide, is a popular crop protection agent used in fields as well as in protected cultivation. A laboratory experiment was conditions to study the effect of light, moisture, and pH on the persistence of acetamiprid in water and soil. Dissipation half-lives of acetamiprid in water at pH 4, 7, and 9 were 6.2, 7.3, and 5.1 days, respectively, and 4.3 days under UV and sunlight conditions. Half-life in soil at three concentrations, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 μg g(-1) under different moisture regimes varied from 21.5-22.8, 15.6-22.4, 10.0-15.8 days, respectively, indicating that acetamiprid dissipated faster in submerged soil as compared to field capacity moisture and dry conditions. The leaching study showed that the possibility for leaching of acetamiprid to ground water is extremely low under normal condition of average rainfall due to compact nature soil in the field. Acetamiprid poses low risks to the ecosystem because of their rapid dissipation and low-bound residues in the environment.
吡虫啉是一种新烟碱类杀虫剂，广泛用于田间和保护地。本实验在实验室条件下研究了光照、水分和 pH 值对吡虫啉在水中和土壤中持久性的影响。吡虫啉在 pH 值为 4、7 和 9 的水中的消解半衰期分别为 6.2、7.3 和 5.1 天，在 UV 和阳光条件下为 4.3 天。在三种浓度（0.1、1.0 和 10μg/g）、不同水分条件下（田间持水量、干燥和淹水），在土壤中的半衰期分别为 21.5-22.8、15.6-22.4 和 10.0-15.8 天，表明与田间持水量和干燥条件相比，淹水土壤中吡虫啉的消解速度更快。淋溶研究表明，由于田间土壤紧实，在平均降雨量的正常条件下，吡虫啉向地下水淋溶的可能性极低。由于其快速消解和环境中低残留，吡虫啉对生态系统的风险较低。
