Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, India.
Water Sci Technol. 2012;66(3):525-35. doi: 10.2166/wst.2012.191.
Efficient water management of crops requires accurate irrigation scheduling which, in turn, requires the accurate measurement of crop water requirement. Irrigation is applied to replenish depleted moisture for optimum plant growth. Reference evapotranspiration plays an important role for the determination of water requirements for crops and irrigation scheduling. Various models/approaches varying from empirical to physically base distributed are available for the estimation of reference evapotranspiration. Mathematical models are useful tools to estimate the evapotranspiration and water requirement of crops, which is essential information required to design or choose best water management practices. In this paper the most commonly used models/approaches, which are suitable for the estimation of daily water requirement for agricultural crops grown in different agro-climatic regions, are reviewed. Further, an effort has been made to compare the accuracy of various widely used methods under different climatic conditions.
作物的高效水分管理需要精确的灌溉计划，而这反过来又需要精确测量作物的水分需求。灌溉是为了补充因植物生长而消耗的水分。参考作物蒸散量在确定作物需水量和灌溉计划方面起着重要作用。现已有从经验到基于物理的分布式等各种模型/方法可用于估算参考作物蒸散量。数学模型是估算作物蒸散量和需水量的有用工具，这是设计或选择最佳水管理实践所需的重要信息。本文综述了最常用于估算不同农业气候区种植的农作物日需水量的模型/方法。此外，还努力比较了不同气候条件下各种广泛使用方法的准确性。
