Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, Yamate-cho, Suita, Japan.
Langmuir. 2012 Jul 10;28(27):10177-82. doi: 10.1021/la3020332. Epub 2012 Jun 29.
Complex, sophisticated surface patterns on micrometer and nanometer scales are obtained when solvent evaporates from solutions containing nonvolatile solutes dropped on a solid substrate. Such evaporation-driven pattern formation has been utilized as a fabrication process of highly ordered patterns in thin films. Here, we suggested the spontaneous pattern formation induced by Bénard-Marangoni convection triggered by solvent evaporation as a novel patterning process of sol-gel-derived organic-inorganic hybrid films. Microcraters of 1.0-1.5 μm in height and of 100-200 μm in width were spontaneously formed on the surface of silica-poly(vinylpyrrolidone) hybrid films prepared via temperature-controlled dip-coating process, where the surface patterns were linearly arranged parallel to the substrate withdrawal direction. Such highly ordered micropatterns were achieved by Bénard-Marangoni convection activated at high temperatures and the unidirectional flow of the coating solution on the substrate during dip-coating.
当含有非挥发性溶质的溶液滴在固体基底上时，溶剂蒸发会在微米和纳米尺度上产生复杂、精细的表面图案。这种由溶剂蒸发驱动的图案形成已被用作薄膜中高度有序图案的制造工艺。在这里，我们提出了由溶剂蒸发引发的 Bénard-Marangoni 对流引起的自发图案形成，作为一种新型的溶胶-凝胶衍生的有机-无机杂化薄膜的图案化过程。通过温度控制的浸涂工艺制备的二氧化硅-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮杂化薄膜的表面上会自发形成高度为 1.0-1.5μm、宽度为 100-200μm 的微坑，表面图案沿基底的抽出方向呈线性排列。这种高度有序的微图案是通过在浸涂过程中高温下激活的 Bénard-Marangoni 对流和涂层溶液在基底上的单向流动实现的。
