Nolen S L, Dimmick W F
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
Toxicol Ind Health. 1990 Oct;6(5):257-67.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced in June 1985 a new strategy to reduce public exposure to toxic air pollutants in the ambient air. Over the next 5-8 years, the strategy called for State and Local authorities to take on more of the lead regulatory role, with the Agency providing technical and financial assistance to their efforts. The shift in emphasis and responsibility from the Federal level to State and Local air toxics programs and the need to transfer expertise from the Federal level to the appropriate State or Local level prompted EPA's Office of Research and Development (ORD) and EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) to develop and implement an innovative technical assistance program. This program is called the Control Technology Center (CTC). It has since been expanded to include technical assistance in the area of control of air toxics, particulate matter, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs); emission measurements; and other areas where expertise is available to ORD and OAQPS. During the CTC's first year of operation, operating guidelines were developed and three categories of technical assistance were established. These categories are telephone HOTLINE calls, direct engineering assistance, and technical guidance projects. The CTC HOTLINE is a special telephone number which State and Local Agencies can call for easy access to EPA personnel who can provide prompt assistance in a variety of ways including discussions, references to pertinent literature, and referrals to other EPA personnel. In some cases, a HOTLINE call will require more in-depth engineering analysis indicating a need for direct engineering assistance. These projects tend to be short-term (2 to 3 months) and specific in nature. In some cases, several agencies may indicate a need for information on the same source, or a group of Agencies may make a joint request. In these cases, the CTC Steering Committee, a group who advises the CTC managers, may decide that a technical guidance project is indicated. Technical guidance projects are longer-term and are intended to be of broad interest, useful to many agencies. This paper discusses the development of the CTC, experience to date with its operation, and future plans. In addition, five CTC projects are discussed to illustrate the assistance provided.
美国环境保护局（EPA）于1985年6月宣布了一项新战略，以减少公众在环境空气中接触有毒空气污染物的机会。在接下来的5至8年里，该战略要求州和地方当局承担更多的主要监管职责，而该机构则为他们的工作提供技术和资金援助。重点和责任从联邦层面转移到州和地方空气有毒物质项目，以及将专业知识从联邦层面转移到适当的州或地方层面的需求，促使EPA的研究与发展办公室（ORD）和EPA的空气质量规划与标准办公室（OAQPS）制定并实施了一项创新的技术援助计划。该计划称为控制技术中心（CTC）。此后，它已扩展到包括在空气有毒物质、颗粒物和挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）控制领域的技术援助；排放测量；以及ORD和OAQPS能够提供专业知识的其他领域。在CTC运营的第一年，制定了运营指南并设立了三类技术援助。这些类别是电话热线呼叫、直接工程援助和技术指导项目。CTC热线是一个特殊电话号码，州和地方机构可以拨打该号码，以便轻松联系到EPA工作人员，他们可以通过多种方式提供及时援助，包括进行讨论、提供相关文献参考以及转介给其他EPA工作人员。在某些情况下，热线呼叫将需要更深入的工程分析，这表明需要直接工程援助。这些项目往往是短期的（2至3个月）且性质特定。在某些情况下，几个机构可能表示需要关于同一来源的信息，或者一组机构可能提出联合请求。在这些情况下，为CTC管理人员提供建议的CTC指导委员会可能会决定开展一个技术指导项目。技术指导项目为期更长，旨在具有广泛的兴趣，对许多机构有用。本文讨论了CTC的发展、其运营至今的经验以及未来计划。此外，还讨论了五个CTC项目，以说明所提供的援助。
