Hijikata T, Sakai T, Yohro T
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Kaibogaku Zasshi. 1990 Aug;65(4):159-75.
Macroscopic structure as well as pre- and postnatal development of the lumbar, sacral, and caudal vertebrae of the musk shrew (Suncus murinus, Insectivora) were observed. The lumbar vertebrae possess two pairs of unusual processes, hyperapophyses and hypapophyses. The hyperapophyses are located on the dorsal surface of the caudal articular processes of all the lumbar vertebrae, whereas the hypapophyses are found on the caudal part of the ventral surface of the bodies in the first few lumbar vertebrae. The former gives attachment to the Mm. rotatores lumborum and the latter to the Mm. psoas major and minor. The articular processes of the lumbar vertebrae are oriented more horizontally compared with those in other mammals. The sacrum is very narrow transversely due to poor development of the ventrolateral wing. The auricular surface includes cranial parts of the wing and of the fused vertebral arches as well as the cranial articular process of the first sacral vertebra. In the caudal vertebrae, chevron bones are H-shaped when viewed ventrally, and give attachment to tendons of the caudal muscles. This report describes the relationships between the structural peculiarities of the lower axial skeleton and the locomotive habits of the musk shrew.
观察了麝鼩（Suncus murinus，食虫目）腰椎、骶椎和尾椎的宏观结构以及出生前后的发育情况。腰椎有两对不寻常的突起，即上突和下突。上突位于所有腰椎尾关节突的背侧表面，而下突则见于最初几个腰椎椎体腹侧表面的尾部。前者附着于腰回旋肌，后者附着于腰大肌和腰小肌。与其他哺乳动物相比，腰椎的关节突更水平。由于腹外侧翼发育不良，骶骨横向非常狭窄。耳状面包括翼和融合椎弓的颅部以及第一骶椎的颅关节突。在尾椎中，腹侧观察时人字骨呈H形，并附着于尾肌的肌腱。本报告描述了下轴骨骼结构特点与麝鼩运动习性之间的关系。
