Pacing to treat low cardiac output syndrome following elective aortic valve replacement.

We report a case of low cardiac output syndrome caused by dynamic left ventricular (LV) outflow obstruction after aortic valve replacement (AVR). This recognized phenomenon probably occurs more frequently than appreciated, and the author suggests that this should be considered when managing patients with severe hemodynamic instability after AVR. In addition, we also focus on the fact that invasive pacemaker systems have significant effects on cardiac output augmentation postoperatively and in long-term management of patients with LV outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction following AVR. The possible mechanisms and subsequent treatments are discussed.