Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Pediatr Neurol. 2012 Aug;47(2):109-13. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2012.05.010.
The low gestational ages and morbidities of premature neonates in neonatal intensive care units exert a significant impact on neurodevelopmental outcomes. This longitudinal cohort study assessed the neurodevelopmental status of premature neonates after discharge from neonatal intensive care units in resource-limited countries such as Pakistan. Developmental assessment involved the Denver Development Screening Test II. One hundred and ten infants discharged from our neonatal intensive care unit completed follow-up at age 6 months. Overall developmental delay was evident in 32% of infants. Birth weight and gestational age exerted significant impacts on development. The mean gestational age of developmentally normal infants was 34 weeks, whereas that of delayed infants was 30.7 weeks (P < 0.01). The mean birth weight of developmentally normal infants was 2.17 kg vs 1.27 kg in delayed infants (P < 0.01). Neonates who developed complications such as respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, or hypothermia in neonatal intensive care units proved to be delayed at age 6 months (P < 0.05). Prematurity and its associated complications are linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.
在新生儿重症监护病房中，极低的胎龄和早产儿的合并症对神经发育结局有显著影响。这项在资源有限的国家（如巴基斯坦）开展的新生儿重症监护病房出院后早产儿的纵向队列研究，评估了这些早产儿的神经发育状况。发育评估采用了丹佛发展筛查测试 II。在我们的新生儿重症监护病房出院的 110 名婴儿在 6 个月大时完成了随访。结果显示，32%的婴儿存在整体发育迟缓。出生体重和胎龄对发育有显著影响。发育正常婴儿的平均胎龄为 34 周，而发育迟缓婴儿的平均胎龄为 30.7 周（P<0.01）。发育正常婴儿的平均出生体重为 2.17 公斤，而发育迟缓婴儿的平均出生体重为 1.27 公斤（P<0.01）。在新生儿重症监护病房中出现呼吸窘迫综合征、颅内出血、血小板减少症、低血糖、低钠血症或低体温等并发症的新生儿，在 6 个月大时发育迟缓（P<0.05）。早产儿及其相关并发症与不良的神经发育结局有关。
