Aghamohammadi Asghar, Abolhassani Hassan, Mohammadinejad Payam, Rezaei Nima
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2012 Jun;11(2):89-109.
Recurrent and chronic infections in children are one of the most common reasons for physicians' visits that make a diagnostic challenge to pediatricians. Although the majority of referred children with recurrent infections are normal, underlying causes of recurrent infection such as atopy, anatomical and functional defects, and primary or secondary immunodeficiency must be considered in evaluation of children with this complaint.Although primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) were originally felt to be rare, it has became clear that they are much more common than routinely appreciated. Early and accurate detection of PIDs in children is essential to institute early lifesaving care and optimized treatments. Therefore in the approach to children with recurrent infections, careful medical history taking and physical examination with more attention to warning PIDs signs and symptoms are essential to distinguish those children with underlying PIDs from those who are normal or having other underlying disorders. If indicated, appropriate laboratory studies including simple screening and advanced tests must be performed.
儿童反复和慢性感染是患儿就诊的最常见原因之一，这给儿科医生带来了诊断挑战。尽管大多数因反复感染前来就诊的儿童并无异常，但在评估有此类症状的儿童时，必须考虑反复感染的潜在原因，如特应性、解剖和功能缺陷以及原发性或继发性免疫缺陷。虽然原发性免疫缺陷病（PID）最初被认为很罕见，但现在已经清楚它们比通常认为的要常见得多。早期准确检测儿童的PID对于实施早期救命护理和优化治疗至关重要。因此，在诊治反复感染的儿童时，仔细询问病史和进行体格检查，并更加关注PID的警示体征和症状，对于区分那些患有潜在PID的儿童与正常儿童或患有其他潜在疾病的儿童至关重要。如有必要，必须进行适当的实验室检查，包括简单筛查和高级检测。
