Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e39188. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039188. Epub 2012 Jun 25.
Cooperation plays an important role in the evolution of species and human societies. The understanding of the emergence and persistence of cooperation in those systems is a fascinating and fundamental question. Many mechanisms were extensively studied and proposed as supporting cooperation. The current work addresses the role of migration for the maintenance of cooperation in structured populations. This problem is investigated in an evolutionary perspective through the prisoner's dilemma game paradigm. It is found that migration and structure play an essential role in the evolution of the cooperative behavior. The possible outcomes of the model are extinction of the entire population, dominance of the cooperative strategy and coexistence between cooperators and defectors. The coexistence phase is obtained in the range of large migration rates. It is also verified the existence of a critical level of structuring beyond that cooperation is always likely. In resume, we conclude that the increase in the number of demes as well as in the migration rate favor the fixation of the cooperative behavior.
合作在物种和人类社会的进化中起着重要作用。理解这些系统中合作的出现和持续是一个引人入胜且基本的问题。许多机制被广泛研究并被提出以支持合作。目前的工作解决了迁移在结构种群中维持合作的作用。通过囚徒困境博弈范式，从进化的角度研究了这个问题。结果发现，迁移和结构在合作行为的进化中起着至关重要的作用。模型的可能结果包括整个种群的灭绝、合作策略的主导地位以及合作者和背叛者的共存。在较大迁移率的范围内可以获得共存阶段。还验证了在合作总是可能的情况下存在一个临界结构水平。总之，我们得出结论，增加群体数量和迁移率有利于合作行为的固定。
