Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Can J Psychiatry. 2012 Jul;57(7):422-8. doi: 10.1177/070674371205700705.
To investigate evidence of fetal programming in humans by studying whether adolescents born at high or low birth weights (LBW) are more likely to experience symptoms of depression and anxiety after experiencing stress.
The sample included 3732 members of a prospective Canadian cohort study assessed for symptoms of depression and anxiety at age 12 to 15 years (2006/2007), and had birth weight and gestational age (GA) data recorded in 1994/1995. Major stressful life events and chronic stressors were also reported throughout childhood.
After adjusting for acute and chronic stress, being born small for GA (SGA) (OR 1.50; 95% CI 1.08 to 2.08) or large (OR 1.31; 95% CI 0.99 to 1.72) for GA was associated with an increased risk of depression and anxiety in adolescence, compared with adolescents who were born at a weight appropriate for their GA. Most interactions between birth weight and stress were not significant; however, the relation between chronic stress and adolescent depression and anxiety was more pronounced in males who were born SGA (interaction P < 0.05).
The link between birth weight and depression is complex and evidence of fetal programming is inconsistent; however, people born at LBW may be at an increased risk of depression in the face of chronic stress.
通过研究出生体重低（LBW）或高（LBW）的青少年在经历压力后是否更容易出现抑郁和焦虑症状，来探究人类胎儿编程的证据。
该样本包括了 3732 名参加前瞻性加拿大队列研究的成员，他们在 12 至 15 岁（2006/2007 年）时评估了抑郁和焦虑症状，并且在 1994/1995 年记录了出生体重和胎龄（GA）数据。儿童期还报告了重大生活压力事件和慢性压力源。
在调整了急性和慢性压力后，出生时 GA 较小（SGA）（OR 1.50；95%CI 1.08 至 2.08）或较大（OR 1.31；95%CI 0.99 至 1.72）与青少年时期抑郁和焦虑的风险增加相关，与出生体重与 GA 相符的青少年相比。出生体重和压力之间的大多数相互作用并不显著；然而，在 SGA 出生的男性中，慢性压力与青少年抑郁和焦虑之间的关系更为明显（交互作用 P < 0.05）。
出生体重与抑郁之间的联系是复杂的，胎儿编程的证据并不一致；然而，LBW 出生的人在面临慢性压力时可能会增加患抑郁症的风险。
