Hermens J L, Bradbury S P, Broderius S J
United States Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Duluth, Minnesota 55804.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1990 Oct;20(2):156-66. doi: 10.1016/0147-6513(90)90054-9.
The influence of enzyme induction on the acute toxicity of aniline and 4-chloroaniline to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) was investigated. For these two xenobiotics, bioactivation reactions are known to occur in mammals. Induction of cytochrome P450 mixed-function oxidase was obtained by intraperitoneal (ip) injection of trout with a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclor 1254). Five days after ip injection with three different doses of Aroclor 1254 (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg), benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase activity in trout liver microsomes increased five- to sixfold. Cytochrome P450 concentrations in the microsomes were slightly, but significantly, enhanced in two of the three dose levels. The 96-hr LC50's of aniline and 4-chloroaniline were not affected by pretreatment with Aroclor 1254, suggesting that metabolic activation does not necessarily play a role in the acute toxicity of aromatic amines to fish.
研究了酶诱导对苯胺和4-氯苯胺对虹鳟鱼（Salmo gairdneri）急性毒性的影响。对于这两种外源性物质，已知在哺乳动物中会发生生物活化反应。通过向虹鳟鱼腹腔内注射多氯联苯混合物（Aroclor 1254）来诱导细胞色素P450混合功能氧化酶。腹腔注射三种不同剂量的Aroclor 1254（50、100和200 mg/kg）五天后，虹鳟鱼肝微粒体中的苯并[a]芘羟化酶活性增加了五到六倍。在三个剂量水平中的两个水平下，微粒体中的细胞色素P450浓度略有但显著提高。苯胺和4-氯苯胺的96小时半数致死浓度不受Aroclor 1254预处理的影响，这表明代谢活化不一定在芳香胺对鱼类的急性毒性中起作用。
