Mbelesso P, Tabo A, Guerchet M, Mouanga A M, Bandzouzi B, Houinato D, Paraiso M N, Cowppli-Bony P, Aboyans V, Nubukpo P, Preux P M, Dartigues J F, Clément J P
Service de neurologie, hôpital de l'Amitié, Bangui, République Centrafricaine.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2012 Dec;105(5):388-95. doi: 10.1007/s13149-012-0247-8. Epub 2012 Jul 4.
Given the gradual improvement of living conditions and aging, dementia and related syndromes are becoming serious problems in the developing countries. A cross-sectional door to door type study in neighbourhood, was conducted from October 2008 to January 2009, in the general population in Bangui, order to help get a better understanding of the prevalence and risk factors of dementia among people over 65 living in the Central African capital. Of the 496 elderly respondents, 188 had cognitive disorders. After a neuropsychological examination, 40 of these subjects were diagnosed with dementia. The prevalence of dementia was 8.1% (IC 95% = [5.7-10.5]). The average age of subjects with dementia, ranging from 65 to 90 years, was 76.0 ± 7.1 years. There was a significant risk of developing dementia for an increase of ten years old (OR = 2.6, 95% CI [1.5 to 4.5]). The sex-ratio was 6/34. 82.5% of the demented had never attended school. 70.0% showed a state of malnutrition (BMI ≤ 18,5 kg/m(2)), significantly associated with dementia (OR = 3.3; IC 95% = [1.5-7.3]). The blood pressure was high in 67.5% of demented which is significantly associated with dementia (OR = 2.4; IC 95% = [1.1-5.4]). A recent change in financial status was a factor significantly associated with dementia (OR = 6.4; IC 95% = [1.8-22.5]). These results support the existence of dementia in urban Africa. The observed prevalence is close to those found in high-income countries. Further studies should be conducted which includes both the rural and urban Africa, to better understand the problem and solutions consider to comprehensive care and prevention axes adapted to our context.
随着生活条件的逐步改善和人口老龄化，痴呆症及相关综合征在发展中国家正成为严重问题。2008年10月至2009年1月，在班吉的普通人群中开展了一项邻里间逐户上门的横断面研究，以更好地了解居住在中非首都的65岁以上人群中痴呆症的患病率及风险因素。在496名老年受访者中，188人有认知障碍。经过神经心理学检查，其中40名受试者被诊断为痴呆症。痴呆症的患病率为8.1%（95%置信区间=[5.7-10.5]）。患有痴呆症的受试者年龄在65至90岁之间，平均年龄为76.0±7.1岁。年龄每增加十岁，患痴呆症的风险显著增加（比值比=2.6，95%置信区间[1.5至4.5]）。男女比例为6/34。82.5%的痴呆患者从未上过学。70.0%的患者存在营养不良状态（体重指数≤18.5千克/平方米），与痴呆症显著相关（比值比=3.3；95%置信区间=[1.5-7.3]）。67.5%的痴呆患者血压偏高，这与痴呆症显著相关（比值比=2.4；95%置信区间=[1.1-5.4]）。近期财务状况的变化是与痴呆症显著相关的一个因素（比值比=6.4；95%置信区间=[1.8-22.5]）。这些结果支持了非洲城市存在痴呆症的观点。观察到的患病率与高收入国家相近。应开展进一步研究，涵盖非洲农村和城市地区，以更好地了解该问题，并考虑制定适合我们实际情况的综合护理和预防措施。
