Department of Medicine College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria.
Department of Community Medicine College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria.
Brain Behav. 2016 May 5;6(7):e00481. doi: 10.1002/brb3.481. eCollection 2016 Jul.
There is paucity of information on major neurocognitive disorders in sub-Saharan Africa where the number of individuals with neurocognitive disorders is expected to increase due to demographic transition. This study aims to report on the prevalence estimates of dementia and MCI (mild cognitive impairment) in a rural community in southwest Nigeria.
This was a two-stage cross-sectional study of persons aged 65 years and above resident in Lalupon community, Oyo State. The Identification and IDEA (Intervention for Dementia in Elderly Africans) Study Questionnaire was used for initial screening by trained community health care workers, utilized followed by cognitive assessment using the validated IDEA cognitive screen. Functional and cognitive assessment of selected individuals was carried out during the second stage. Information obtained was used for consensus diagnosis and participants were categorized into normal, MCI and dementia using standard criteria.
Six hundred and thirteen participants completed the study with 111 (18.1%) diagnosed as MCI while 17 (2.8%) had dementia. The age-adjusted prevalence estimates were 18.4% (95% CI: 14.9-21.9%) and 2.9% (95% CI 1.6-4.4%) for MCI and dementia, respectively. Probable Alzheimer's disease and amnestic MCI predominated. Individuals with dementia were older than both MCI and normal cases while those with MCI had significantly fewer years of schooling than the other diagnostic categories.
Almost one out of five older persons in Lalupon community had major neurocognitive impairment with MCI being six-times more common than dementia. Alzheimer's disease was the most common dementia sub-type.
在撒哈拉以南非洲，由于人口结构转变，预计患有神经认知障碍的人数将会增加，但该地区有关主要神经认知障碍的信息却十分匮乏。本研究旨在报告尼日利亚西南部一个农村社区的痴呆症和轻度认知障碍（MCI）的患病率估计。
这是一项在拉卢蓬社区（奥约州）的 65 岁及以上人群中进行的两阶段横断面研究。由经过培训的社区卫生工作者使用识别和 IDEA（非洲老年人痴呆症干预）研究问卷进行初步筛选，随后利用经过验证的 IDEA 认知筛查进行认知评估。在第二阶段对选定的个体进行功能和认知评估。获得的信息用于共识诊断，参与者根据标准标准分为正常、MCI 和痴呆。
613 名参与者完成了研究，其中 111 名（18.1%）被诊断为 MCI，17 名（2.8%）患有痴呆症。年龄调整后的患病率估计分别为 MCI 为 18.4%（95%CI：14.9-21.9%）和痴呆症为 2.9%（95%CI 1.6-4.4%）。可能的阿尔茨海默病和遗忘型 MCI 居多。痴呆症患者比 MCI 和正常患者年龄大，而 MCI 患者的受教育年限明显少于其他诊断类别。
拉卢蓬社区近五分之一的老年人存在主要神经认知障碍，MCI 比痴呆症常见六倍。阿尔茨海默病是最常见的痴呆亚型。
