Department of Physical Education, Physical Education School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Physiother Theory Pract. 2013 Feb;29(2):124-32. doi: 10.3109/09593985.2012.699606. Epub 2012 Jul 5.
Different exercises are prescribed by physiotherapists and despite the popular use of elastic resistance, few studies have investigated the effect of such rehabilitation tools on shoulder resultant net moment (RNM). The aim of the present study was to compare shoulder RNM peak values and the respective angle of occurrence during three shoulder rehabilitation exercises: 1) elevation in the scapular plane; 2) flexion; and 3) abduction when performed in three different load situations: 1) without external load; 2) with dumbbells (DB); and 3) with elastic resistance. Twenty-one healthy subjects participated in the study. Kinematic data were obtained by means of an inverse dynamic model. A two-way ANOVA was used for data analysis (α < 0.05). The highest RNM peak for abductor and external rotator muscles was during shoulder abduction exercise and for flexor muscles was during flexion and elevation in the scapular plane. The DB load condition was associated with highest RNM peak values for all muscle groups. This study presents differences among three exercises and load situations for RNM peak values and angle of occurrence. Furthermore, it also presents theoretical rationale for load progress and selection of exercises for shoulder rehabilitation management. Clinicians should consider it, when prescribing strengthening exercises for shoulder rehabilitation.
不同的运动由物理治疗师规定，尽管弹性阻力的应用很普遍，但很少有研究调查这种康复工具对肩部总净力矩 (RNM) 的影响。本研究的目的是比较三种肩部康复运动在三种不同负荷情况下的峰值肩部 RNM 值和发生的相应角度：1）肩胛平面抬高；2）屈曲；3）外展，分别为：1）无外部负荷；2）哑铃（DB）；3）弹性阻力。21 名健康受试者参与了这项研究。运动学数据通过逆动力学模型获得。使用双向方差分析进行数据分析（α<0.05）。外展肌和外旋肌的最大 RNM 峰值出现在肩部外展运动中，而屈肌的最大 RNM 峰值出现在屈曲和肩胛平面抬高运动中。DB 负荷条件与所有肌肉群的最大 RNM 峰值相关。本研究在 RNM 峰值和发生角度方面呈现了三种运动和负荷情况之间的差异。此外，它还为肩部康复管理中的负荷进展和运动选择提供了理论依据。临床医生在为肩部康复治疗开强化运动处方时应考虑到这一点。
