Padmini R, Srinivasan S, Puri R K, Nalini P
Department of Pediatrics, JIPMER, Pondicherry.
Indian Pediatr. 1990 May;27(5):447-52.
A study of 108 cases of empyema during 18 months period showed the incidence of empyema to be 2.17%. Staph. aureus (17.6%) was the common causative organism. Response to a combination of cloxacillin and gentamicin was better than that of crystalline penicillin and gentamicin. Only 30.3% cases needed intercostal drainage for more than 2 weeks. Almost 43% cases could be discharged by 3-4 weeks after hospitalisation and 38.1% by 30-57 days. The mortality rate was 12.1%. Among the survivors, excluding 8 children who left against medical advice, all had complete recovery excepting one child in whom AFB was isolated and who developed bronchiectasis and recurrent hemoptysis, inspite of antituberculous treatment. Age of the child, antibiotic combination given and nutritional status appear to be the main factors influencing the recovery and prognosis.
一项对18个月期间108例脓胸病例的研究表明，脓胸发病率为2.17%。金黄色葡萄球菌（17.6%）是常见的致病微生物。氯唑西林和庆大霉素联合使用的效果优于结晶青霉素和庆大霉素。仅30.3%的病例需要肋间引流超过2周。近43%的病例在住院后3至4周可出院，38.1%在30至57天可出院。死亡率为12.1%。在幸存者中，除8名违反医嘱离开的儿童外，除一名分离出抗酸杆菌且尽管接受抗结核治疗仍发生支气管扩张和反复咯血的儿童外，所有儿童均完全康复。儿童年龄、所用抗生素组合和营养状况似乎是影响康复和预后的主要因素。
