Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
East Mediterr Health J. 2012 Apr;18(4):399-401. doi: 10.26719/2012.18.4.399.
Early detection of tuberculosis (TB) cases and supervised treatment are vital for control of the disease. To assess TB transmission from a sputum smear-negative pulmonary TB case, the contacts of a 15-year-old Iranian girl diagnosed with smear-negative TB in 2010 were traced. In all, 52 classmates and close friends and 15 school staff were screened by tuberculin skin test and chest X-ray. Those with a positive skin test or abnormal chest X-ray were further evaluated by chest spiral computed tomography (CT) scan and triple gastric washing. All classmates and close friends were Iranian and female. Of the 52 girls, 17 (32%) had latent infection (either positive skin test or abnormal chest X-ray) and 3 (5.7%) had active TB (abnormal CT or positive culture additional to positive skin test or abnormal X-ray). None of the staff had abnormal findings. Contact tracing should be considered for contacts of all children with symptomatic pulmonary TB, even those who are smear-negative.
早期发现结核病（TB）病例并进行监督治疗对于控制该病至关重要。为了评估痰涂片阴性肺结核病例的 TB 传播情况，对 2010 年被诊断为涂片阴性肺结核的一名 15 岁伊朗女孩的接触者进行了追踪。总共对 52 名同班同学和密友以及 15 名学校工作人员进行了结核菌素皮肤试验和胸部 X 光检查。皮肤试验阳性或胸部 X 光异常者进一步接受胸部螺旋 CT（CT）扫描和三联胃液洗涤检查。所有同学和密友均为伊朗人且为女性。在 52 名女孩中，17 名（32%）存在潜伏感染（皮肤试验阳性或胸部 X 光异常），3 名（5.7%）患有活动性肺结核（除皮肤试验或异常 X 光外，CT 异常或培养阳性）。无工作人员有异常发现。即使是痰涂片阴性的有症状的儿童肺结核病例的接触者，也应考虑进行接触者追踪。
