Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Oncology, Meir Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Kfar-Saba, Israel.
Am J Clin Oncol. 2014 Jun;37(3):289-96. doi: 10.1097/COC.0b013e318248dc1e.
Until recently, docetaxel-based chemotherapy was the only established treatment for patients with metastatic hormone refractory prostate cancer (mHRPC). In 2010 to 2011, 3 more agents were shown to be associated with a survival benefit in mHRPC, including the dendritic cell vaccine sipuleucel-T, the 17,20 lyase inhibitor abiraterone, and the taxane cabazitaxel. The improved understanding of prostate cancer biology in recent years led to the development of drugs directed against precise tumorigenesis-associated molecular pathways. Molecular pathways involved in the progression of mHRPC include the androgen receptor, angiogenesis, endothelin receptor, tyrosine kinases (SRC, MET, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, RET), and the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB-ligand. This review will focus on recent advances in the standard treatments paradigm, and promising new targeted agents that are being investigated, in mHRPC.
直到最近，基于多西紫杉醇的化疗一直是转移性去势抵抗性前列腺癌（mHRPC）患者的唯一既定治疗方法。在 2010 年至 2011 年，又有 3 种药物被证明对 mHRPC 的生存有益，包括树突状细胞疫苗 sipuleucel-T、17,20 裂解酶抑制剂 abiraterone 以及紫杉烷类药物 cabazitaxel。近年来对前列腺癌生物学的深入了解，促使开发了针对特定肿瘤发生相关分子途径的药物。涉及 mHRPC 进展的分子途径包括雄激素受体、血管生成、内皮素受体、酪氨酸激酶（Src、MET、血管内皮生长因子受体、RET）和核因子-kB 配体的受体激活剂。本文将重点介绍 mHRPC 中标准治疗方法的最新进展以及正在研究的有前途的新型靶向药物。
