Rietschel C, Latta K
Clementine Kinderhospital, Verein Frankfurter Stiftungskrankenhäuser e. V., Frankfurt am Main.
Z Rheumatol. 2012 Jul;71(5):403-15; quiz 416. doi: 10.1007/s00393-012-0994-8.
Rheumatic joint disease in childhood and adolescence is relatively rare. In the general population, 1 child with juvenile arthritis accounts for 100 adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis. At disease onset 50% of affected children are between 2 and 6 years of age. Symptoms are often subtle and pain is usually not the leading symptom. Early treatment of juvenile arthritis is essential in order to prevent long-term sequelae in affected children. Many children are introduced to a pediatric rheumatologist only with considerable delay. Therapy is based on NSAIDs, intra-articular steroid injections, and immunosuppressive drugs. In severe cases patients are treated with biologics. Physical and occupational therapy are important supportive measures in the treatment.
儿童和青少年时期的风湿性关节疾病相对少见。在普通人群中，1名幼年型关节炎患儿对应100名成年类风湿关节炎患者。疾病发作时，50%的患病儿童年龄在2至6岁之间。症状往往不明显，疼痛通常不是主要症状。幼年型关节炎的早期治疗对于预防患病儿童的长期后遗症至关重要。许多儿童很晚才被转诊至儿科风湿病专家处。治疗基于非甾体抗炎药、关节内注射类固醇以及免疫抑制药物。在严重病例中，患者接受生物制剂治疗。物理治疗和职业治疗是治疗中的重要支持措施。
