Clonfero E, Venier P, Granella M, Levis A G
Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Padova.
Med Lav. 1990 May-Jun;81(3):222-9.
The paper reviews the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity data on azo dyes used in the leather industry. Two water soluble benzidine-based dyes were classified as "probably carcinogenic to humans" by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). No other dyes have been evaluated by the IARC. Of the 48 azo dyes assayed in the Salmonella/microsome test, 20 gave positive results. Attention is drawn to the important role of the in vivo metabolism of azo compounds, which includes a preliminary reduction of the azo bonds and subsequent release of the aromatic amines of the dye. A useful assay (Prival test) for evaluating the mutagenic properties of azo dyes involves a reductive step that permits the release of any genotoxic agents present in the compounds. A list of leather azo dyes is furnished that are considered as potentially harmful due to the presence of a carcinogenic aromatic amine (benzidine, p-aminobenzene and derivatives) in their formulae.
本文综述了皮革工业中使用的偶氮染料的致癌性和致突变性数据。国际癌症研究机构（IARC）将两种水溶性联苯胺基染料归类为“可能对人类致癌”。IARC尚未对其他染料进行评估。在沙门氏菌/微粒体试验中检测的48种偶氮染料中，有20种给出了阳性结果。人们注意到偶氮化合物体内代谢的重要作用，其中包括偶氮键的初步还原以及随后染料芳香胺的释放。一种用于评估偶氮染料致突变特性的有用试验（Prival试验）涉及一个还原步骤，该步骤允许释放化合物中存在的任何遗传毒性剂。提供了一份皮革偶氮染料清单，这些染料因其分子式中存在致癌芳香胺（联苯胺、对氨基苯及其衍生物）而被认为具有潜在危害。
