Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012 Dec;44(12):2257-62. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318265dd3d.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used by athletes to prevent anticipated exercise-induced pain, thereby putatively improving physical performance. However, these drugs may have potentially hazardous effects on the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa during strenuous physical exercise. The aim of the current study was to determine the effect of oral ibuprofen administration before exercise on GI integrity and barrier function in healthy individuals.
Nine healthy, trained men were studied on four different occasions: 1) 400 mg ibuprofen twice before cycling, 2) cycling without ibuprofen, 3) 400 mg ibuprofen twice at rest, and 4) rest without ibuprofen intake. To assess small intestinal injury, plasma intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) levels were determined, whereas urinary excretion of orally ingested multisugar test probes was measured using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to assess GI permeability.
Both ibuprofen consumption and cycling resulted in increased I-FABP levels, reflecting small intestinal injury. Levels were higher after cycling with ibuprofen than after cycling without ibuprofen, rest with ibuprofen, or rest without ibuprofen (peak I-FABP, 875 ± 137, 474 ± 74, 507 ± 103, and 352 ± 44 pg·mL, respectively, P < 0.002). In line, small intestinal permeability increased, especially after cycling with ibuprofen (0-2 h urinary lactulose/rhamnose ratio, 0.08 (0.04-0.56) compared with 0.04 (0.00-0.20), 0.05 (0.01-0.07), and 0.01 (0.01-0.03), respectively), reflecting loss of gut barrier integrity. Interestingly, the extent of intestinal injury and barrier dysfunction correlated significantly (RS = 0.56, P < 0.001).
This is the first study to reveal that ibuprofen aggravates exercise-induced small intestinal injury and induces gut barrier dysfunction in healthy individuals. We conclude that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs consumption by athletes is not harmless and should be discouraged.
运动员常服用非甾体抗炎药来预防预期的运动引起的疼痛，从而提高运动表现。然而，在剧烈运动期间，这些药物可能对胃肠道（GI）黏膜产生潜在的有害影响。本研究旨在确定运动前口服布洛芬对健康个体胃肠道完整性和屏障功能的影响。
在 4 种不同情况下，研究了 9 名健康、训练有素的男性：1）在骑自行车前两次口服 400 毫克布洛芬，2）不服用布洛芬骑自行车，3）在休息时两次口服 400 毫克布洛芬，4）不服用布洛芬摄入休息。为了评估小肠损伤，测定了血浆肠脂肪酸结合蛋白（I-FABP）水平，而使用液相色谱和质谱法测定口服多聚糖测试探针的尿排泄来评估 GI 通透性。
布洛芬的消耗和骑自行车都导致了 I-FABP 水平的升高，反映了小肠损伤。与不服用布洛芬骑自行车、服用布洛芬休息或不服用布洛芬休息相比，服用布洛芬和骑自行车后 I-FABP 水平更高（峰值 I-FABP，分别为 875±137、474±74、507±103 和 352±44pg·mL，P<0.002）。同样，小肠通透性增加，特别是在服用布洛芬和骑自行车后（0-2 小时尿乳果糖/鼠李糖比值分别为 0.08（0.04-0.56）、0.04（0.00-0.20）、0.05（0.01-0.07）和 0.01（0.01-0.03），反映了肠道屏障完整性的丧失）。有趣的是，肠道损伤的程度和屏障功能障碍之间存在显著相关性（RS=0.56，P<0.001）。
这是第一项揭示布洛芬加重健康个体运动引起的小肠损伤并诱导肠道屏障功能障碍的研究。我们的结论是，运动员服用非甾体抗炎药并非无害，应予以劝阻。
