Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road Northeast Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
J Oncol. 2012;2012:521215. doi: 10.1155/2012/521215. Epub 2012 Jun 19.
Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) is the most common neoplasm of the upper aerodigestive tract. In this paper, we attempt to summarize the role and applications of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors monoclonal antibodies (moAbs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) locally advanced as well as metastatic SCCHN. Targeted therapy in SCCHN is now incorporated in the first-line regimes for advanced disease. Novel targeted agents, including the EGFR antibody, cetuximab, have been approved for use as single agents or in combination with radiation therapy or chemotherapy in treatment of recurrent metastatic or locally advanced SCCHN. Refractory mechanisms that bypass the pathway of EGFR inhibitors activity are identified explaining resistance to targeted therapy. Strategies of cotargeting EGFR and other pathways are under investigation. Examples of targeted therapy being used include mammalian target of rapamycin (mtor) inhibitors, antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) moAb, and other inhibitors. We will be focusing our paper on the preclinical and clinical aspects of EGFR inhibition in SCCHN and touch upon other targeted therapies in application.
头颈部鳞状细胞癌（SCCHN）是上呼吸道最常见的肿瘤。本文试图总结表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）抑制剂单克隆抗体（moAbs）和酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKIs）在局部晚期和转移性 SCCHN 中的作用和应用。针对 SCCHN 的靶向治疗现已纳入晚期疾病的一线治疗方案。新型靶向药物，包括 EGFR 抗体西妥昔单抗，已被批准单独使用或与放疗或化疗联合用于治疗复发性转移性或局部晚期 SCCHN。已鉴定出绕过 EGFR 抑制剂活性途径的耐药机制，解释了对靶向治疗的耐药性。正在研究针对 EGFR 和其他途径的联合靶向策略。正在使用的靶向治疗示例包括哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）抑制剂、抗血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）moAb 和其他抑制剂。我们将重点关注 SCCHN 中 EGFR 抑制的临床前和临床方面，并涉及其他靶向治疗的应用。
