de Jong Jill L O, Zon Leonard I
Section of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, KCBD 5120, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Adv Hematol. 2012;2012:282318. doi: 10.1155/2012/282318. Epub 2012 Jun 24.
The zebrafish has proven to be an excellent model for human disease, particularly hematopoietic diseases, since these fish make similar types of blood cells as humans and other mammals. The genetic program that regulates the development and differentiation of hematopoietic cells is highly conserved. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the source of all the blood cells needed by an organism during its lifetime. Identifying an HSC requires a functional assay, namely, a transplantation assay consisting of multilineage engraftment of a recipient and subsequent serial transplant recipients. In the past decade, several types of hematopoietic transplant assays have been developed in the zebrafish. An understanding of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes in the zebrafish has lagged behind transplantation experiments, limiting the ability to perform unbiased competitive transplantation assays. This paper summarizes the different hematopoietic transplantation experiments performed in the zebrafish, both with and without immunologic matching, and discusses future directions for this powerful experimental model of human blood diseases.
斑马鱼已被证明是研究人类疾病，尤其是造血疾病的出色模型，因为这些鱼产生的血细胞类型与人类和其他哺乳动物相似。调节造血细胞发育和分化的基因程序高度保守。造血干细胞（HSC）是生物体一生中所需的所有血细胞的来源。鉴定造血干细胞需要一种功能测定法，即一种移植测定法，包括受体的多谱系植入以及随后的系列移植受体。在过去十年中，斑马鱼中已开发出几种类型的造血移植测定法。对斑马鱼主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）基因的了解落后于移植实验，限制了进行无偏差竞争性移植测定的能力。本文总结了在斑马鱼中进行的不同造血移植实验，包括有免疫匹配和无免疫匹配的情况，并讨论了这种强大的人类血液疾病实验模型的未来发展方向。
