Goire Namraj, Sloots Theo P, Nissen Michael D, Whiley David M
Queensland Paediatric Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, Sir Albert Sakzewski Virus Research Centre, Children's Health Services, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Methods Mol Biol. 2012;903:319-28. doi: 10.1007/978-1-61779-937-2_22.
Gonorrhoea is no longer an easily treatable ailment but rather is now a challenging disease in terms of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) with treatment options rapidly diminishing. The causative agent of gonorrhoea, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, has managed to develop resistance to almost every single drug used against it with the sole exception of extended spectrum cephalosporins. The situation is further exacerbated by the fact that not only are the rates of gonococcal infections on a steady rise globally, but tracking AMR is being undermined by the growing popularity of molecular methods at the expense of traditional bacterial culture in diagnostic laboratories. Recently, concerns have been raised over the emergence of a multi-resistant gonococci and the potential for untreatable gonorrhoea. Maintaining optimal epidemiological surveillance of gonococcal AMR remains an important aspect of gonorrhoea control. The development of molecular tools for tracking AMR in N. gonorrhoeae has the potential to further enhance such surveillance. In this chapter, we discuss nucleic acid amplification-based detection of AMR in gonorrhoea with a particular emphasis on chromosomal-mediated resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics.
淋病不再是一种易于治疗的疾病，而是在抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）方面成为一种具有挑战性的疾病，治疗选择正在迅速减少。淋病的病原体淋病奈瑟菌已对几乎每一种用于治疗它的药物产生耐药性，唯一的例外是超广谱头孢菌素。不仅全球淋病感染率在稳步上升，而且诊断实验室中分子方法日益普及，以传统细菌培养为代价，这削弱了对抗菌药物耐药性的监测，使情况进一步恶化。最近，人们对多重耐药淋病奈瑟菌的出现以及无法治疗的淋病的可能性表示担忧。维持对淋病奈瑟菌抗菌药物耐药性的最佳流行病学监测仍然是淋病控制的一个重要方面。开发用于追踪淋病奈瑟菌抗菌药物耐药性的分子工具有可能进一步加强这种监测。在本章中，我们将讨论基于核酸扩增的淋病抗菌药物耐药性检测，特别强调染色体介导的对β-内酰胺抗生素的耐药性。
