Clarke Viktoriya, Weston-Smith Simon
Department of Medicine, East Sussex Hospital NHS Trust, East Sussex, UK.
BMJ Case Rep. 2010 Oct 21;2010:bcr0320102851. doi: 10.1136/bcr.03.2010.2851.
Folate-deficiency anaemia occurs in about 4 per 100 000 people, although severe cases causing moderate pancytopenia are rarer. We present the case of a significant folate deficiency in a 50-year-old alcoholic with a background of mild liver impairment and recurrent nasal and rectal bleeding. Her blood tests showed profound macrocytic anaemia with haemoglobin 2.6 g/dl, leucopoenia with white cell count 3.2 × 10(9)/litre and thrombocytopenia with platelets 17 × 10(9)/litre. Serum folate was 0.8 ng/ml (normal 2.5-13.5 ng/ml) confirming severe deficiency. Despite these life-threatening results, the patient was stable, alert and was keen to avoid admission. Medical management of the anaemia included slow transfusion of red cells and one unit of platelets in view of haemorrhagic symptoms, two injections of vitamin B12 while awaiting assays and oral folic acid. A rapid improvement in the leucopoenia and thrombocytopenia resulted and no additional complications were encountered.
每10万人中约有4人会发生叶酸缺乏性贫血,不过导致中度全血细胞减少的严重病例较为罕见。我们报告一例50岁酗酒者出现严重叶酸缺乏的病例,该患者有轻度肝功能损害病史,并有反复鼻出血和直肠出血症状。她的血液检查显示严重的大细胞性贫血,血红蛋白为2.6 g/dl,白细胞减少,白细胞计数为3.2×10⁹/升,血小板减少,血小板计数为17×10⁹/升。血清叶酸为0.8 ng/ml(正常范围为2.5 - 13.5 ng/ml),证实存在严重缺乏。尽管出现了这些危及生命的结果,但患者情况稳定,意识清醒,并且强烈希望避免住院。针对贫血的医学处理包括鉴于出血症状缓慢输注红细胞和1单位血小板,在等待检测结果期间注射两次维生素B12以及口服叶酸。白细胞减少和血小板减少情况迅速改善,未出现其他并发症。