Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain.
Behav Modif. 2013 Jan;37(1):3-38. doi: 10.1177/0145445512448096. Epub 2012 Jul 13.
A motivating operation (MO) alters both the effectiveness of a stimulus as a reinforcer and the current frequency of all behavior that has been reinforced by that particular stimulus. This article reviews studies that have manipulated a MO during interventions with school-age participants with intellectual disabilities and problem behavior. A systematic review was conducted using the following major electronic databases: PsychInfo, Education Resources Information Center, Science Direct, Blackwell, SAGE, and Medline. A total of 31 published articles representing 55 participants was examined. Findings from this study suggest that the modification of a MO usually has an effect on the problem behavior by either establishing or abolishing its motivation. Furthermore, a relationship was found between the type of MO and the behavioral function identified. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings, limitations of this study and potential issues for future research are discussed.
操作性条件作用（MO）改变了刺激作为强化物的有效性，以及所有曾被该特定刺激强化的行为的当前频率。本文回顾了在针对有智力障碍和问题行为的学龄参与者的干预中操纵 MO 的研究。使用以下主要电子数据库进行了系统评价：PsychInfo、教育资源信息中心、Science Direct、Blackwell、SAGE 和 Medline。共检查了 31 篇代表 55 名参与者的已发表文章。这项研究的结果表明，MO 的改变通常会通过建立或消除其动机对问题行为产生影响。此外，还发现 MO 的类型与所确定的行为功能之间存在关系。讨论了这些发现的理论和实践意义、本研究的局限性以及未来研究的潜在问题。
