Lu Hong, Guan Huai-Jin, Dai Zhui, Li Mi, Wang Yan, Hu Jian-Yan, Shi Jian, Zhao Jia-Liang, Ellwein Leon B, Wang Yu, Gao Xue-Cheng
Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2012 Mar;48(3):205-10.
To estimate the prevalence of blindness and low vision among older adults aged > or = 50 years in Qidong City of Jiangsu Province, China, in 2006.
Cluster sampling was used in randomly selecting 5662 individuals aged > or = 50 years from September to December 2006 in 16 clusters in Qidong City. The survey was preceded by a pilot study where operational methods were refined and quality assurance evaluation was carried out. All participants were enumerated through village registers followed door-to-door visits. Eligible individuals were invited to receive visual acuity measurement and eye examination. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/SE Statistical Software, release 9.0. Chi-square test was used to investigate the association of age, gender and education with presenting and best corrected visual acuity.
Five thousands six hundreds and sixty-two individuals were recruited, the response rate was 90.80%. Based on the criteria of World Health Organization visual impairment classification in 1973,91 persons were diagnosed as blindness, 175 persons were diagnosed as moderate and severe visual impairment defined as best corrected visual acuity, the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment were 1.77% and 3.40% respectively. One hundred and thirteen persons were diagnosed as blindness, 354 persons were diagnosed as moderate and severe visual impairment defined as presenting visual acuity, the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment were 2.20% and 6.89% respectively. The prevalence of blindness and moderate and sever visual impairment was higher in aged (trend Chi2 = 825.16, P = 0.000), female (Chi2 = 19.85, P = 0.001), and illiterate persons (trend Chi2 = 329. 85, P = 0.000). The leading cause of blindness was cataract.
Blindness and low vision are associated with older age and illiterates in Qidong City. According to presenting visual acuity, the causes leading to blindness and low vision are, in descending order, cataract, ocular fundus disease, refractive error and cornea disease.
评估2006年中国江苏省启东市50岁及以上老年人的盲和低视力患病率。
采用整群抽样法，于2006年9月至12月在启东市16个整群中随机抽取5662名50岁及以上个体。在调查之前进行了一项预试验，对操作方法进行了改进并开展了质量保证评估。所有参与者通过村登记簿进行登记，然后逐户走访。符合条件的个体被邀请接受视力测量和眼部检查。使用Stata/SE统计软件9.0版进行统计分析。采用卡方检验来研究年龄、性别和教育程度与当前视力和最佳矫正视力之间的关联。
共招募了5662名个体，应答率为90.80%。根据1973年世界卫生组织视力损害分类标准，91人被诊断为盲，175人被诊断为中度和重度视力损害（定义为最佳矫正视力），盲和中度及重度视力损害的患病率分别为1.77%和3.40%。113人被诊断为盲，354人被诊断为中度和重度视力损害（定义为当前视力），盲和中度及重度视力损害的患病率分别为2.20%和6.89%。盲和中度及重度视力损害的患病率在老年人中较高（趋势卡方=825.16，P=0.000）、女性中较高（卡方=19.85，P=0.001）以及文盲中较高（趋势卡方=329.85，P=0.000）。失明的主要原因是白内障。
在启东市，盲和低视力与年龄较大及文盲有关。根据当前视力，导致盲和低视力的原因按降序排列为白内障、眼底疾病、屈光不正和角膜疾病。
