Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2013 May;142(2):336-47. doi: 10.1037/a0029283. Epub 2012 Jul 16.
Time is experienced as passing more quickly the more changes happen in a situation. The present research tested the idea that time perception depends on the level of construal of the situation. Building on previous research showing that concrete rather than abstract mental construal causes people to perceive more variations in a given situation, we found in 3 studies that participants in a concrete mind-set experienced time as passing more quickly than participants in an abstract mind-set. In 2 further studies we demonstrated that the level on which actual changes happen in a given situation moderated this effect: Changes in high-level aspects mainly affected time estimation of participants primed with an abstract mind-set, whereas changes in low-level aspects affected time estimation of participants primed with a concrete mind-set.
时间在经历更多变化的情况下会感觉流逝得更快。本研究检验了这样一种观点，即时间知觉取决于对情境的建构水平。基于先前的研究表明，具体的而不是抽象的心理建构会导致人们在给定的情境中感知到更多的变化，我们在 3 项研究中发现，处于具体思维模式的参与者比处于抽象思维模式的参与者感觉时间流逝得更快。在另外两项研究中，我们证明了在给定情境中实际发生变化的水平调节了这种效应：高层次方面的变化主要影响了用抽象思维模式启动的参与者的时间估计，而低层次方面的变化则影响了用具体思维模式启动的参与者的时间估计。
