Liu Jian-Ping, Cheng Jin-Quan, Peng Chao-Qiong, Huang Wei, Zhang Jin-Zhou, Li Bin, Huang Hai-Xiong, Pan Liu-Bo, Sun Qun-Lu, Luo Xian-Ru
Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2012 Mar;46(3):220-4.
To evaluate the overall diet quality and diet model of labor workers in Shenzhen using Chinese Diet Balance Index (DBI).
In May 2009, 14 canteens from Baoan, Longgang and Nanshan districts were selected by stratified random sampling and 60 workers were randomly selected from each canteen by using random number method. Diet measurements were carried out among the 840 labor workers. Diet quality was evaluated by using DBI scoring and evaluating system.
The median values of labor workers' food intakes of cereal and meat & poultry were 483.8 and 121.7 g/d, which were more than the recommended amounts of their intakes of Chinese residents (cereal: 250 - 400 g/d, meat & poultry: 50 -70 g/d). The median values of the labor workers' intakes of fruit, dairy and eggs were 37.3, 20.6 and 23.5 g/d,which were less than recommended amounts in fruits (200 - 400 g/d), dairy (300 g/d) and eggs (25 - 50 g/d). The DBI-HBS scores of males and females in Shenzhen migrant workers were 24.4 +/- 6.1 and 22.6 +/- 6.3, respectively with a statistically significant difference (t = 4.21, P < 0.01). DBI-HBS scores of < 20 age group, 20 - 29 age group, 30 - 39 age group and > or = 40 age group in labor workers were 12.7 +/- 5.9, 11.3 +/- 6.3, 12.8 +/- 6.4 and 11.2 +/- 5.6 respectively (F = 3.67, P = 0.01). There were 7 dietary patterns among labor workers in this survey. Nearly 8.2% (68/830) of them belonged to Pattern A. Pattern B and E were the main dietary patterns, which accounted for 37.3% (310/830) and 31.0% (257/830) of the total population.
DBI can describe and evaluate the overall dietary quality and the major problem of the dietary patterns in labor workers. It is necessary to strength nutritional education to increase the intake of fruits, milk and eggs to improve nutritional status in labor workers in Shenzhen.
运用中国膳食平衡指数（DBI）评估深圳劳务工的总体饮食质量和饮食模式。
2009年5月，采用分层随机抽样法从宝安、龙岗和南山三区选取14个食堂，再用随机数字法从每个食堂随机抽取60名劳务工，对840名劳务工进行膳食调查。采用DBI评分与评价系统评估饮食质量。
劳务工谷类和肉禽的食物摄入量中位数分别为483.8和121.7克/天，高于中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量（谷类：250 - 400克/天，肉禽：50 - 70克/天）。劳务工水果、奶类和蛋类摄入量中位数分别为37.3、20.6和23.5克/天，低于水果（200 - 400克/天）、奶类（300克/天）和蛋类（25 - 50克/天）的推荐摄入量。深圳外来务工男性和女性的DBI - HBS得分分别为24.4±6.1和22.6±6.3，差异有统计学意义（t = 4.21，P < 0.01）。劳务工中<20岁组、20 - 29岁组、30 - 39岁组和≥40岁组的DBI - HBS得分分别为12.7±5.9、11.3±6.3、12.8±6.4和11.2±5.6（F = 3.67，P = 0.01）。本次调查劳务工有7种膳食模式。其中近8.2%（68/830）属于模式A。模式B和模式E是主要膳食模式，分别占总人数的37.3%（310/830）和31.0%（257/830）。
DBI能够描述和评价劳务工的总体膳食质量及膳食模式存在的主要问题。有必要加强营养教育，增加水果、奶类和蛋类摄入，以改善深圳劳务工的营养状况。
