Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University-Commerce, Commerce, TX 75429, USA.
Int J Psychol. 2013;48(5):858-70. doi: 10.1080/00207594.2012.701749. Epub 2012 Jul 17.
As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, exposure to global cultures affords individuals opportunities to develop global identities. In two studies, we examine the antecedents and outcomes of identifying with a superordinate identity--global citizen. Global citizenship is defined as awareness, caring, and embracing cultural diversity while promoting social justice and sustainability, coupled with a sense of responsibility to act. Prior theory and research suggest that being aware of one's connection with others in the world (global awareness) and embedded in settings that value global citizenship (normative environment) lead to greater identification with global citizens. Furthermore, theory and research suggest that when global citizen identity is salient, greater identification is related to adherence to the group's content (i.e., prosocial values and behaviors). Results of the present set of studies showed that global awareness (knowledge and interconnectedness with others) and one's normative environment (friends and family support global citizenship) predicted identification with global citizens, and global citizenship predicted prosocial values of intergroup empathy, valuing diversity, social justice, environmental sustainability, intergroup helping, and a felt responsibility to act for the betterment of the world. The relationship between antecedents (normative environment and global awareness) and outcomes (prosocial values) was mediated by identification with global citizens. We discuss the relationship between the present results and other research findings in psychology, the implications of global citizenship for other academic domains, and future avenues of research. Global citizenship highlights the unique effect of taking a global perspective on a multitude of topics relevant to the psychology of everyday actions, environments, and identity.
随着世界变得日益相互关联，接触全球文化为个人发展全球认同提供了机会。在两项研究中，我们考察了认同超个人认同——全球公民——的前因和结果。全球公民身份被定义为对文化多样性的认识、关心和包容，同时促进社会正义和可持续性，并承担起行动的责任。先前的理论和研究表明，意识到自己与世界上其他人的联系（全球意识）并置身于重视全球公民身份的环境中（规范环境）会导致对全球公民的认同感增强。此外，理论和研究表明，当全球公民身份凸显时，更高的认同感与坚持群体的规范（即亲社会价值观和行为）有关。本研究结果表明，全球意识（与他人的知识和联系）和个人的规范环境（朋友和家人支持全球公民身份）预测了对全球公民的认同，而全球公民身份预测了亲社会价值观，如跨群体同理心、重视多样性、社会正义、环境可持续性、跨群体帮助以及对为世界的美好而行动的责任感。前因（规范环境和全球意识）和结果（亲社会价值观）之间的关系受到对全球公民认同的中介作用。我们讨论了本研究结果与心理学其他研究结果、全球公民身份对其他学术领域的意义以及未来研究方向之间的关系。全球公民身份突出了从全球视角看待与日常行动、环境和身份相关的众多主题的独特效果。
