Echeverry Diego F, Laredo Francisco G, Gil Francisco, Belda Eliseo, Soler Marta, Agut Amalia
Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2012 Nov;39(6):611-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2012.00750.x. Epub 2012 Jul 16.
To evaluate the dye extent and distribution at the lumbar plexus (LP) of three volumes of local anaesthetic-methylene-blue solution administered close to the femoral nerve (FN) by the use of a ventral ultrasound (US)-guided suprainguinal approach (SIA).
Prospective experimental trial.
Twenty mongrel canine cadavers weighing 17.7 ± 3.8 kg (mean ± SD).
The left and right LP of two cadavers were dissected to identify the FN, obturator nerve (ON) and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). The extent and distribution of dye at the LP of each of three volumes of injectate of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 mL kg(-1) administered close to the FN by a ventral US-guided SIA then were studied in a further 18 dog cadavers (n = 6 per group). Staining of ≥2 cm along the target nerves was indicative of sufficient spread to produce a nerve block.
The ventral US-guided SIA allowed the observation of the FN within the iliopsoas muscle (IPM) in a total of 17 cadavers. The assessment of the dye extent and distribution revealed a similar pattern regardless of the injected volume. From the injection site, the spreading of injectate occurred in cranial, lateral and caudal directions. The FN and ON were effectively stained in all the cases. The LFCN was not effectively stained in any case.
A volume of 0.2 mL kg(-1) administered close to the FN by a ventral US-guided SIA produced a sufficient distribution of the injectate within the IPM to produce effective staining of the FN and ON. This US-guided technique may be an appropriate alternative to previously reported techniques based on electrolocation to block the FN and ON in the dog.
通过使用腹侧超声（US）引导的腹股沟上入路（SIA），评估在股神经（FN）附近注射三体积局部麻醉剂 - 亚甲蓝溶液时，其在腰丛（LP）的染色范围和分布情况。
前瞻性实验性试验。
20只杂种犬尸体，体重17.7±3.8千克（均值±标准差）。
解剖两只尸体的左右腰丛，以识别股神经、闭孔神经（ON）和股外侧皮神经（LFCN）。然后在另外18只犬尸体（每组n = 6）中，研究通过腹侧US引导的SIA在FN附近注射0.2、0.4和0.6 mL kg⁻¹三种体积注射液时，每种注射液在腰丛的染色范围和分布情况。沿目标神经染色≥2 cm表明扩散足以产生神经阻滞。
腹侧US引导的SIA在总共17具尸体中使能观察到髂腰肌（IPM）内的股神经。无论注射体积如何，染料范围和分布的评估显示出相似的模式。从注射部位开始，注射液向头侧、外侧和尾侧扩散。在所有病例中，股神经和闭孔神经均被有效染色。在任何病例中，股外侧皮神经均未被有效染色。
通过腹侧US引导的SIA在FN附近注射0.2 mL kg⁻¹的体积，可使注射液在髂腰肌内充分分布，从而有效染色股神经和闭孔神经。这种US引导技术可能是先前报道的基于电定位在犬中阻滞股神经和闭孔神经技术的合适替代方法。
