Diversity and composition of the bacterial community of Poyang Lake (China) as determined by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.

Poyang Lake is the largest fresh water lake in China. In this study, the objective was to examine the diversity of bacterial community in this environment. The phylogenetic composition of bacterioplankton communities from two sites and two dates (northern and southern sub-basins in October 2006 and in May 2007, respectively) in the water column of Poyang Lake were investigated by partially sequencing cloned 16SrRNA genes. Moreover, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was applied in the 16SrRNA gene clones. In total, four clone libraries were constructed and 347 clones were screened by RFLP, yielding 153 operational taxonomic units, which mainly belonged to the proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Planctomycetes. Our results showed that Beta-proteobacteria was the most significant lineage, with dominant numbers of operational taxonomic units in the northern October 2006, southern October 2006 and May 2007 libraries. The highest bacterial diversity occurred in the library from the southern sub-basin in May 2007 and the lowest in the library from the northern sub-basin in May 2007. Horizontal and temporal differences associated with the concentration of total phosphorus, water temperature and pH suggested that the trophic state and the physicochemical properties of lake play key roles in sustaining bacterial community composition structure.