Khoobdel M, Shayeghi M, Golsorkhi S, Abtahi M, Vatandoost H, Zeraatii H, Bazrafkan S
Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Arthropod Borne Dis. 2010;4(1):47-53. Epub 2010 Jun 30.
Carbaryl (1-naphthyl-N-methyl carbamate) is a chemical in the carbamate family used chiefly as an insecticide. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor and is toxic to humans and classified as a likely human carcinogen. In the present study, the degradation of the carbaryl pesticide was investigated in the laboratory synthetic samples of tap water, in the effect of sonolysis and photolysis processes.
This study was conducted during 2006-7 in Chemistry and Biochemistry of Pesticides Laboratory in Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) in Iran. The carbaryl (80%) was used for preparing samples. First concentration of all samples were 4 mg/l. Sonochemical examinations in ultrasound reactor was done in two 35, 130 Hz, and 100 w, and three time. Photolysis examinations has done in the effect of 400 w lamp and moderate pressure and 6 time, then the amount of pesticide in the samples has been measured by the High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) method.
The highest degradation in photolysis process after 1 hour in the 35 KHz was 35%, and in the 130 KHz was 63%. Degradation of carbaryl at 130 KHz is higher than 35 KHz at the same time. Carbaryl elimination was increased by arise frequency and exposure time. After 8 min in photolysis, 100% omitting has been showed.
Degradation of carbaryl in high frequency ultrasound wavelength was more than low frequency. Degradation of carbaryl in water, combination of high frequency ultrasound wave length and UV irradiation was considerably more effective than ultrasound or ultraviolet irradiation alone.
西维因（1-萘基-N-甲基氨基甲酸酯）是氨基甲酸酯类中的一种化学物质，主要用作杀虫剂。它是一种胆碱酯酶抑制剂，对人类有毒，被归类为可能的人类致癌物。在本研究中，在实验室合成的自来水样品中，研究了声解和光解过程对西维因农药的降解作用。
本研究于2006 - 2007年在伊朗德黑兰医科大学（TUMS）的农药化学与生物化学实验室进行。使用80%的西维因制备样品。所有样品的初始浓度均为4mg/l。在超声反应器中进行声化学检测，超声频率为35、130Hz，功率为100w，检测三次。光解检测在400w灯及中压条件下进行，检测六次，然后通过高效薄层色谱（HPTLC）法测定样品中的农药含量。
在35KHz下，光解1小时后西维因的最高降解率为35%，在130KHz下为63%。同一时间内，130KHz下西维因的降解率高于35KHz。西维因的去除率随频率和暴露时间的增加而提高。光解8分钟后，西维因的去除率达100%。
高频超声波长下西维因的降解率高于低频。水中西维因在高频超声波长与紫外线照射联合作用下的降解效果明显优于单独的超声或紫外线照射。
