Changes in mastication after an immediate loading implantation with complete fixed rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to measure modifications of mastication after immediate loading full-arch prosthesis (ILFAP) rehabilitation.

MATERIALS AND METHOD

Fourteen patients were observed before and 6 months after ILFAP rehabilitation when masticating two natural, standardized foods (peanut and carrot) and three model foods with increasing hardness. The granulometry of the expectorated boluses from carrot and peanuts was characterized by median particle size (D50), determined at the natural point of swallowing. Chewing time (CT), number of chewing cycles (CC), and chewing frequency (CF) were video recorded. A self-assessment questionnaire for oral health-related quality of life [Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI)] was also used.

RESULTS

After ILFAP rehabilitation, the mean D50 values for carrot and peanuts were smaller [Repeated Model Procedures (RMP), F = 41, p < 0.001]. Mean CT and CC values recorded with the three model foods decreased, while CF increased regardless of the model food hardness (RMP, F = 14, F = 10, and F = 11, respectively, p < 0.001). The GOHAI score increased from 43 ± 9 to 56 ± 3 (t test, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

ILFAP rehabilitation improves the ability to reduce the bolus particle size and the ability to discriminate between different food hardnesses in the 6 months post-surgery period.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

This study encourages the clinical development of immediate loading implantation with a fixed full-arch prosthesis protocol.