Brown M J, Radich S J
Muscle Nerve. 1979 May-Jun;2(3):217-22. doi: 10.1002/mus.880020310.
Myelin-forming Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system characteristically surround and myelinate only single axons. Polyaxonal myelination is an anomaly of this one-to-one relationship whereby one normal-appearing Schwann cell myelinates multiple axons. We examined the ventral roots and the proximal sciatic and posterior tibial nerves of developing normal mice and of dy2J/dy2J dystrophic mice with proximal failure of myelination. Polyaxonal myelination was a rare feature in normal nerves. Examples of polyaxonal myelination were observed six times more often in dystrophic than in normal mice and were most abundant in proximal sciatic nerves. Polyaxonal myelination could result from either an axonal or a Schwann-cell abnormality, or it may be the nonspecific response of uncommitted Schwann cells to an early failure of myelination.
外周神经系统中形成髓鞘的施万细胞通常仅环绕并髓鞘化单个轴突。多轴突髓鞘化是这种一对一关系的一种异常情况，即一个外观正常的施万细胞髓鞘化多个轴突。我们检查了正常发育小鼠以及髓鞘形成近端失败的dy2J/dy2J营养不良小鼠的腹根、坐骨神经近端和胫后神经。多轴突髓鞘化在正常神经中是一种罕见特征。与正常小鼠相比，在营养不良小鼠中观察到多轴突髓鞘化的例子多六倍，且在坐骨神经近端最为丰富。多轴突髓鞘化可能由轴突或施万细胞异常导致，也可能是未分化的施万细胞对早期髓鞘形成失败的非特异性反应。
