MacLean Mary H, Arnell Karen M
Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2012 Aug;74(6):1080-97. doi: 10.3758/s13414-012-0338-4.
The attentional blink (AB) is a transient attention cost that is shown when report accuracy for a second target (T2) is reduced when T2 is presented within approximately 500 ms of a first target (T1). Thus, by definition an AB is only observed when T2 accuracy is reduced at short relative to long T1-T2 separations, and the magnitude of the AB is reflected in the change in T2 performance across target separations. However, the designs, analyses, and interpretations of several studies of the AB have suggested a lack of clear definitions about what constitutes a demonstration of the AB, what constitutes a modulation of the AB across participant groups or manipulations, and how AB magnitude might best be represented accurately as a single value for a given individual. In this article, we discuss the important conceptual and methodological issues that should be considered when obtaining, analyzing, and interpreting AB data, and we discuss the pros and cons of various approaches while providing suggestions as to how best to validly represent the AB and its modulations.
注意瞬脱（AB）是一种短暂的注意力损耗，当第二个目标（T2）在第一个目标（T1）出现后约500毫秒内呈现时，T2的报告准确性会降低，此时便会出现注意瞬脱。因此，根据定义，只有当T2在短于长的T1 - T2间隔时准确性降低，且注意瞬脱的幅度反映在不同目标间隔下T2表现的变化中时，才会观察到注意瞬脱。然而，几项关于注意瞬脱的研究的设计、分析和解释表明，对于什么构成注意瞬脱的证明、什么构成跨参与者群体或操作对注意瞬脱的调节，以及如何将注意瞬脱幅度作为给定个体的单一值进行最准确的表示，缺乏明确的定义。在本文中，我们讨论了在获取、分析和解释注意瞬脱数据时应考虑的重要概念和方法问题，并讨论了各种方法的优缺点，同时就如何最好地有效表示注意瞬脱及其调节提供了建议。
