James Andra H
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Sep;55(3):774-87. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e31825cfe7b.
During pregnancy, women have a 4- to 5-fold increased risk of thromboembolism. Candidates for anticoagulation in pregnancy include women with current thrombosis, a history of thrombosis, risk factors for postpartum thrombosis, and some women with thrombophilia and a history of poor pregnancy outcome. Although, there are no large trials of anticoagulants in pregnancy and recommendations for their use are based on case series and the opinion of experts, observational studies demonstrate the benefit of heparins in reducing the risk of recurrent thromboembolism in pregnancy. A practical approach to the prevention and treatment of thromboembolism in pregnancy is outlined.
在怀孕期间，女性发生血栓栓塞的风险增加4至5倍。孕期抗凝治疗的适用人群包括目前患有血栓形成、有血栓形成病史、有产后血栓形成风险因素的女性，以及一些患有血栓形成倾向且有不良妊娠结局病史的女性。尽管目前尚无关于孕期使用抗凝剂的大型试验，其使用建议基于病例系列和专家意见，但观察性研究表明，肝素在降低孕期复发性血栓栓塞风险方面具有益处。本文概述了孕期预防和治疗血栓栓塞的实用方法。
