Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2012;28:1-28. doi: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155813. Epub 2012 Jul 20.
In this perspective, I review the scientific career of George E. Palade, the man many consider to be the father of cell biology. Palade's scientific contributions spanned more than 50 years (from the late 1940s to 2001) and were amazingly diverse and fundamental. He is best known for his discovery of ribosomes, for establishing their role in protein synthesis, and for delineation of the secretory pathway. In addition to these groundbreaking contributions, he also developed basic techniques for tissue preservation and cell fractionation that allowed rapid progress during the early days of cell biology, and he and his collaborators provided the first description of the mitochondrial cristae, neuronal synapses, junctional complexes in epithelia, plasmalemmal vesicles, and Weibel-Palade bodies in endothelium, among others. He and his collaborators also contributed key experimental data to our understanding not only of protein synthesis and the secretory process but also of membrane biogenesis and vascular permeability. In addition to his scientific discoveries, he had a profound impact on the lives of many cell biologists and served the scientific community tirelessly while making major contributions to the development of cell biology in three major institutions.
在这篇观点文章中，我回顾了乔治·E·帕拉德（George E. Palade）的科学生涯，许多人认为他是细胞生物学之父。帕拉德的科学贡献跨越了 50 多年（从 20 世纪 40 年代末到 2001 年），非常多样化且基础。他最为人所知的是发现核糖体，确定了核糖体在蛋白质合成中的作用，并描绘了分泌途径。除了这些开创性的贡献外，他还开发了组织保存和细胞分级的基本技术，这些技术在细胞生物学的早期阶段取得了快速进展，他和他的合作者首次描述了线粒体嵴、神经元突触、上皮细胞连接复合体、质膜小泡和内皮细胞中的 Weibel-Palade 小体等。他和他的合作者还提供了关键的实验数据，不仅有助于我们理解蛋白质合成和分泌过程，还促进了对膜生物发生和血管通透性的理解。除了科学发现，他还深刻影响了许多细胞生物学家的生活，并在三个主要机构中为细胞生物学的发展做出了重大贡献的同时，不懈地为科学界服务。
