Rheumatology Department, Hospital General de México, México City, México.
J Clin Rheumatol. 2012 Aug;18(5):242-5. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0b013e3182611827.
This study aimed to compare data and associated diseases between women and men with gout paired for age and duration of the disease.
Consecutive patients from outpatient gout clinics of 2 rheumatology departments were included in this case-control study. We identified 37 women with gout diagnosis and paired them by age and duration of the disease with 37 men with gout (American College of Rheumatology criteria). Variables were clinical data, associated diseases, and renal function evaluated by 3 methods: creatinine clearance, modification of diet in renal disease, and Cockcroft-Gault.
Mean (SD) age was 54.47 (15.13) years in women versus 53.52 (15.23) years in males, and mean (SD) age at onset 46.77 (16.63) years versus 45.62 (16.16) years in women and men, respectively. Hypertension was found in 26 (73%) of 37 women and in 27 (70%) of 37 men, previous diuretics was found in only 1 man, and no significant differences were found between women and men in gout or associated metabolic diseases. Females had lower creatinine clearance than males did (49.8 [29.7] vs. 67.1 [35.5] mL/min, P = 0.039). But, when it was calculated by methods considering sex, there were no significant differences (Cockcroft-Gault 66.4 [37.6] vs. 78.8 [43.8] mL/min [P = 0.2] and modification of diet in renal disease 73.8 [64.6] vs. 73.1 [35.0] mL/min [P = 0.9], females vs. males, respectively). Thirteen women (35%) were premenopausal at onset, 2 had familial history of gout, and 2 had history of lithiasis; other variables were not different from postmenopausal women.
Factors previously associated to female gout seem to be more related to age than to sex or to the disease itself. In our country, patients with gout (males and females) are younger at onset. Gender should be considered to evaluate renal function in females with gout. One third of our female patients with gout were premenopausal and had unexpected higher frequency of lithiasis; no other differences with postmenopausal women were found.
本研究旨在比较女性和男性痛风患者在年龄和疾病持续时间上的配对数据和相关疾病。
本病例对照研究纳入了 2 个风湿病部门门诊痛风诊所的连续患者。我们确定了 37 名女性痛风诊断患者，并根据年龄和疾病持续时间与 37 名男性痛风患者（美国风湿病学会标准）进行配对。变量为临床数据、相关疾病以及通过 3 种方法评估的肾功能：肌酐清除率、肾脏病饮食改良和 Cockcroft-Gault。
女性的平均（标准差）年龄为 54.47（15.13）岁，男性为 53.52（15.23）岁，女性和男性的平均（标准差）发病年龄分别为 46.77（16.63）岁和 45.62（16.16）岁。37 名女性中有 26 名（73%）患有高血压，37 名男性中有 27 名（70%）患有高血压，仅有 1 名男性曾使用利尿剂，女性和男性在痛风或相关代谢疾病方面无显著差异。女性的肌酐清除率低于男性（49.8[29.7]比 67.1[35.5]mL/min，P=0.039）。但是，当用考虑性别的方法计算时，没有显著差异（Cockcroft-Gault 66.4[37.6]比 78.8[43.8]mL/min[P=0.2]和肾脏病饮食改良 73.8[64.6]比 73.1[35.0]mL/min[P=0.9]，女性比男性）。13 名女性（35%）在发病时处于绝经前，2 名有家族性痛风史，2 名有结石病史；其他变量与绝经后女性无差异。
先前与女性痛风相关的因素似乎与年龄有关，而与性别或疾病本身无关。在我们的国家，男性和女性痛风患者的发病年龄都较小。在评估痛风女性的肾功能时应考虑性别因素。我们的三分之一女性痛风患者处于绝经前，结石的发生率出乎意料地高；与绝经后女性相比，没有发现其他差异。
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