Program in Health and Human Rights, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2013 Oct;15(5):961-8. doi: 10.1007/s10903-012-9687-2.
Refugee asylum seekers face complex social and medical challenges. We evaluated 30 consecutive asylees in New York for socio-demographic and health backgrounds, characteristics of torture, presentations and medico legal path.
Majority was male, young, educated from sub-Saharan Africa. In home countries, all had employment; 58 % had fair or good access to healthcare; 36 % used traditional medicine; and 14 % had insurance. In the US, social support and accommodations were provided by countrymen; overwhelmingly they were unemployed; none had insurance; and 57 % never had any contact with healthcare system. Sixty nine percent had PTSD and 69 % depression. Almost all had scars with significant sequelae. Eighty eight percent were granted asylum. Ironically, asylees had better access to social and health services in home countries than the US. We recommend better recognition of, and addressing asylees' social and health needs through a multidisciplinary approach drawing on other countries' experience, and expanding existent programs for refugees to cover asylees.
背景：难民寻求庇护者面临复杂的社会和医疗挑战。我们评估了纽约的 30 名连续庇护寻求者的社会人口学和健康背景、酷刑特征、表现和医疗法律途径。
结果：大多数是年轻的男性，来自撒哈拉以南非洲的受过教育。在原籍国，所有人都有工作；58%的人有公平或良好的医疗保健机会；36%的人使用传统医学；14%的人有保险。在美国，同胞们为他们提供社会支持和住宿；绝大多数人失业；没有保险；57%的人从未与医疗保健系统有任何接触。69%的人患有创伤后应激障碍，69%的人患有抑郁症。几乎所有人都有明显后遗症的伤疤。88%的人获得了庇护。具有讽刺意味的是，庇护寻求者在原籍国比在美国有更好的获得社会和卫生服务的机会。我们建议通过借鉴其他国家的经验，采用多学科方法更好地认识和解决庇护寻求者的社会和健康需求，并扩大现有的难民计划以涵盖庇护寻求者。
